India The government's decision to allow foreign direct investment in the Indian retail market created a huge storm in the retail sector.  There were mixed reactions regarding this decision.  Along with the government, foreign investment advocates how important foreign investment is to our country.  With the coming of this investment, how the revolution will take place in the Indian business sector.  How foreign companies are going to treat farmers and consumers.  Due to this, the picture of how happiness and prosperity will come in their house is being painted very strongly.  On the contrary, the retail traders and foreign investment opponents who are against this investment have started a strong effort to convince that this investment is harmful and destructive for Indian retail traders, consumers and consumers.  Everyone is trying to put their side and interests in front of their eyes.  But the government should consider all matters and take the right decision by giving priority to the welfare of the society and the interest of the country.

Dalit Bhabd ka general artha hai jisko kuchla , dalan aur dalit kiya gaya hai .  Dalits have been more oppressed and dehumanized due to human and economic mechanisms. From the traditional Indian caste system to today, the Dalit community has been marginalized economically and socially due to its cultural diversity and caste system.  Hai di "va mein bhoshits aur ghulam ka dutaravargogras naj raha hai hai.  Negro writers who suffered from apartheid fought for justice through black literature, similar to Negro literature, the Indian Dalit youth generation has been sensitized to its insensitivity through the development of consciousness that is found in Marathi elite literature.  Most of the poems were written in the early period of literature.  But the seventh day " Ek mein janidisha ko apnaya. Hindi editors did not show those stories of that period. But Dalit storytellers did not eat Hosla and UQ D ZPC.

Jagtikikaranachya pashwabhumivar rajkaranache swarupahi badlat chalale aahe.  Purvi rajmaya aslele sthan aaj kititari patine vadhale aahe.  aanterrastriya sambhandhat madhurata rakhanyabarobarach parrastriya dhorananchi aakhani karun aarthik samikarane dekhil julavavi lagtat.  yalach  aarthik rajkaran manata yeil.  Aarthik vikas aani samrudhhi sadhya karanyasathi aajachya yugat rastranna ekmekanvar avalambun rahane anivarya jalele aahe.  Prasangi tadjodahi swikaravi lagate.  Rajnitiche he badalate swarup aangikaratanna rajnayeek pratinidhinna anek aavhane swikaravi lagtat.

Women have some qualities given by nature which only women can get.  It has important qualities.  Service spirit.  Women serve the family and society in different ways.  As a mother she serves the children, as a wife she serves the husband, as a daughter-in-law she serves the elders of the family and as a nurse she serves the sad, disabled and sick people of the society.  Mother's position as a woman is extremely important.  At present, women are playing a dual role.  First she takes care of the children as a mother and also she works shoulder to shoulder with men for the needs of the present time.  On the other hand, we can say that children are completely dependent on their mother, because there are a large number of working women in today's age.

According to University Education Commission “Education is a great instrument of social emancipation by which a democracy establishes maintains and protects the spirit of equality among its members.” This paper deals with Assurance of Total Quality Management (TQM) in higher education in India. Education is an important instrument of social, economic, scientific and technological development of any country. It is an important source of social and economic development of the country. Education is an important tool of all round development of personality, through which the people can achieve the great success in their life. The constructive and qualitative development of the nation and its people depends upon quality of education. Therefore, today total quality management in higher education is urgently needed for effective and qualitative development of the people. The effective and qualitative development of the nation totally depends upon the total quality in higher education. The quality education plays a very significant role in effective and qualitative development of the people. The all-round development of the people can only be possible through total quality management in higher education. Therefore, today, there is an urgent need of assurance of total quality management for qualitative improvement in higher education.

The advancement of Information, Communication and Technology has brought a lot of changes not only on the library and information services but also in post and telegraph, Radio, television ,telephone, mobile phone, fax machine, satellite communication etc. The ICT is very useful in almost all areas of human life . Recent developments in the Technologies have brought changes in the modes and methods of information, storage, retrieval and transmission. The Internet and web technology has open new dimension to the information systems. WWW has created a sound impact on the library and information centre to have access to different information sources and disseminate to the users. The paper mainly discusses about the importance of Internet and web technologies for the college libraries in the digital environment. Web provides significant advantages by integrating different library and information services with a common user interface provided by web browsers. This paper narrates the changing role of modern academic librarian in the Internet.. With the global shift from storing the information to knowledge era, the tents of library profession has also changed .This paper narrates the changing role of modern academic librarian in the Internet environment.

The present research study mainly aims at academic achievement of B.Ed.students in relation to social intelligence. A sample of 100 B. Ed. students of academic year 2011-2012 from four teacher-training colleges of Nashik was taken for the collection of data. The findings were exists a significant difference in the Social Intelligence of Male and Female B.Ed. students. Also exists a positive and significant relationship between the Social Intelligence and Academic Achievement of Male, Female and Total B.Ed. students.

Climate Change currently contributes to the burden of disease and premature death. The most direct effect of Climate Change on human might be the impact of hotter temperature themselves. Extreme high temperature increase the heat related death in the United State, Europe, and all countries outside the tropics. The World Health Organization has estimated that in the year 2000, Climate Change accounted for the losses of 150000 lives globally and 77000 lives in the Asia Pacific region. WHO further warns that the health of millions could be threatened by increases in malaria, water-born disease and due to malnutrition. The IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) has inferred that higher temperature will cause an increase in death and illness, especially among the old and the urban poor as they have limited access to air conditioning.

Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar was a multi-dimensional personality. He was an expert in all fields; He was great social reformer, Educationalist, economist and political scientist. he was a great constitutionalist . Such personality was in the world history and it is the only personality in the Indian history. He is father of Indian constitution, through which, he made number of provisions for the development of the scheduled caste and scheduled tribes.1 The historical legacy of Indian society continues to be permeated by inequality in every sphere. i.e. social situation provided by Varna created the problem of the Backward classes- consisting of three principal components the scheduled tribes. Scheduled caste and other backward classes or disadvantage group-and as such the problem of the backward classes is the problem of achieving equality in a social system permeated by inequalities.2 (M.N. Srinivas, social change in Modern India.1972)

The first automobile was made by Guido da Vigevano in 1335. It was a windmill-type drive with gears and wheels. In the early 15th century Portuguese arrived in China and interaction of two cultures lead to a variety of new technology including creation of wheel that turned under its own power. By 1600, small steam power model engines were developed. The early steam powered automobiles were too heavy that they were only practical on a perfect flat circle as strong as iron.

E-commerce is definitely one of the business options that one will have to explore in the future. Electronic commerce is said to bring about a paradigm shift in the world of trading. Predictions of virtual shopping malls and how you would never have to step out of your home to buy or sell anything are already being made. It is going to change the way you shop, learn, interact and transact business. This wave of emerging technology will affect every facet of your lifestyle, your home as well as your workplace. It continues to be discussed in books, newspapers, magazines, on television and even in various social groups. E-commerce is definitely the future. So what exactly is e-commerce? How can it help you? Well the following matter should get you started on the road to a future in e-commerce, Considering the wide gamut of e-commerce and the different things it means to different people, E-commerce is the hottest computing topic in India right now. It has opened exciting new possibilities for all businesses alike; both big and small. A year ago, knowing what the Internet is all about was what got one the „wise man‟ certificates. E-commerce is in the same position today.

The present paper deals with information literacy, its concept, definitions, evolution of IL, aims & objectives, need & importance and information literacy benefit also deals in this paper in brief.

Arun Kolhatkar’s Jejuri is probably the only book of Indian poetry in English in recent times that has some claims of be considered as a possible commonwealth classic. Though it was first published in 1954 in the Opinion Literary Quarterly, it caught the attention of the critical world only it was awarded the Commonwealth Literary Prize of 1977.It has been hailed since then as the most extraordinary book of poems. It gives us a symbolic picture of modern predicament. The subject of Kolatkar’s sequence of poems is religion, and the relation between religion and culture. Kolatkar’s attitude is very different from treatments of the same them in modern Europe and America. The difference is not ideological; it arises out of an entirely distinct climate of sensibility. Kolatkar’s poetic mind, enlivened though it may be by irony and irreverence, remains paradoxically a combination of the negatively dark and even the joyous. It represents in the final analysis a modern adjustment (present) to an accepted tradition (past). Unlike some Western work, it is not nor an attempt to construct something in a godless universe.

The e-learning means electronic and it is basically the online delivery of information communication, training and learning. The present knowledge society in distance education has increased through internet and computer network. The present paper discussed the issue of e-learning, learning technologies, and its impact on library and the role of libraries to take advantages of the opportunities to provide quality service to information seekers.

To be a successful person in the world it is not only the intelligence but also the intrinsic urge and certain skills are important. Today, life has become very stressful therefore it is extremely important to take out time for self and identify ones strengths and weaknesses and develop a plan for improving the qualities which enhances the performance. Achievement motivation is extremely necessary as it works like catalyst to perform in any area of work. The time management skills occupies prime position in technological era as it help in avoiding stress and increasing efficiency. The study habit plays important role in the process of learning and hence it was felt important to study the relationship between these variables.

Milk has long been recognized as the most complete single food available in nature for maintenance of health and proportion of growth of the mammals. It is not exactly known as to when the man began to utilize milk of animals. But it is an agreed fact that the Aryans were the first to domesticate cattle and use their milk as a food, this was as back as 1500 to 2500 B.C. Aryans practice of domestication was being followed by Hindus all over India.

Political space has always been the male domain. Issue about women‟s equal participation in the political space has been debated for a long time. At independence the Indian constitution granted women equal rights of participation in political process as in democracy all the citizens should be active partners to make it a vibrant one. Women low status in society, low level of literacy, awareness of their constitutional right and responsibilities amounted for their invisibility in political space and low participation. The domination of caste system, patriarchy and combination of power equations restrict women to exercise their political rights. The 73rd constitunal amendment which gives women 33 percent reservation of the seats at all levels of panchayat systems has been widely perceived as a crucial steps empowering women through political participation

This paper is trying to highlight the status of self-concept and Academic Achievement Kendriya Vidyalaya and Missionary school students. Among the students, generally, self-concept is playing very pivotal role. The self-concept is what the individual think of as, his actual self. The part of the environment in which he is involved is known as his ‘phenomenal self’ and the rest of the environment of which he is aware or to which eh responds is called ‘phenomenal environment’. It is said that some variable is definitely effect on self-concept. Academic achievement is played main role for maintaining self-concept. Zimmerman (1979) and Ringle (1981) found that, to the degree that academic success depends on persistent effort and self-confidence are, however, at some point they have to be supplemented by effective cognitive skills. So, in the both schools the teachers should identify the reasons of low academic achievement and implement activities or program for improving children’s self-concept.

Public libraries, being the library of communities can play important role in providing effective Community Information Services. This paper deals with the design and development of public library based computerized community information services. This paper discusses the definition of CI, concept of CIS. In this paper highlights the components of CIS, Need of CIS, Community Information Service and Public Libraries. Further, discuss the new role for public libraries

Geoinformatics is having huge range of applications associated with Geography, Geology, Environmental Sciences, Physics, Utilities, Planning and Development, Military, etc. Village Information System is one of small scale application which is integrated part of GIS, GPS and Remote Sensing. This application is designed to store the data in digital format and maintain the database of village. This system is helpful in Administration process and also work as a Decision support system. VIS is a multipurpose system which help local government officers, policy makers, researchers and common person who is associated with the information.

Hydrogeological investigations provide information for planning, delineation, evaluation, exploitation and management of groundwater resources. The main input, rainfall, plays an important role in fluctuation of water table. Depending upon the hydrogeological characters of the subsurface the rate of recharge after the rainfall event decides the groundwater levels and there is always a time gap, which is defined as laps time to attain the maximum water level and subsequently there is a time gap for attaining lowest water level which is also a function of Geology and differences in the heads provide the flow of water from higher potential to lower potential. This flow of water brings down the water levels increasing the gap between the surface and the water table which is designated as the vadose zone. The dynamic resource in the groundwater reservoir is governed by the vadose zone, through which water level fluctuates. Thicker the Vadose zone more is the space available for groundwater accumulation. Further the aquifer parameters transmissivity and storage coefficient are important parameters to decide the groundwater potential in an area and helpful in determining the capacity of aquifer to store water and the ease with which water can flow through permeable zones. Also this helps in delineating areas feasible and non-feasible for artificial recharge. Therefore these studies has been done in the Dhubdhubi basin, a sub basin of Bhima river, which covers part of South Solapur and Akkalkot Talukas of Solapur District Maharashtra, located on survey of India Toposheet no.47 0/14, 47 0/15, 56 C/2 and 56 C/3 on the scale of 1:50000, lies between latitude 170 21' to 170 41'N and longitude 760 00' to 760 11'E covering an area of 450 sq.km.

There is a dire need for integrating mobile technology in the teaching-learning process at Higher Education Level. Mobile technologies can fulfill the general requirements to support contextual life-long learning by being highly portable, individual, unobtrusive and adaptable to the context of learning and the learners’ evolving skills and knowledge. M-learning embraces the idea of anytime, anywhere and anybody learning. M-Learning is characterized by the ability to learn through portable devices. Technology has continued to play a pivotal role in teaching and training, though mobile technologies and devices have their own share of advantages and also disadvantages.

Anxiety is a feeling of nervousness, apprehension, fear, or worry. Some fears and worries are justified, such as worry about a loved one or in anticipation of taking a quiz, test, or other examination. Problem anxiety interferes with the sufferer's ability to sleep or otherwise function. It is noteworthy that teenagers are particularly susceptible to having irritability as a symptom of a number of emotional problems, including anxiety. Anxiety may occur without a cause, or it may occur based on a real situation but may be out of proportion to what would normally be expected. Severe anxiety can have a serious impact on daily life. Anxiety disorders may be caused by environmental factors, medical factors, genetics, brain chemistry, substance abuse, or a combination of these. It is most commonly triggered by the stress in our lives. Usually anxiety is a response to outside forces, but it is possible that we make ourselves anxious with "negative self-talk" - a habit of always telling ourselves the worst will happen. Anxiety is a feeling of fear, unease, and worry. The source of these symptoms is not always known.

Anxiety is a feeling of nervousness, apprehension, fear, or worry. Some fears and worries are justified, such as worry about a loved one or in anticipation of taking a quiz, test, or other examination. Problem anxiety interferes with the sufferer's ability to sleep or otherwise function. It is noteworthy that teenagers are particularly susceptible to having irritability as a symptom of a number of emotional problems, including anxiety. Anxiety may occur without a cause, or it may occur based on a real situation but may be out of proportion to what would normally be expected. Severe anxiety can have a serious impact on daily life. Anxiety disorders may be caused by environmental factors, medical factors, genetics, brain chemistry, substance abuse, or a combination of these. It is most commonly triggered by the stress in our lives. Usually anxiety is a response to outside forces, but it is possible that we make ourselves anxious with "negative self-talk" - a habit of always telling ourselves the worst will happen. Anxiety is a feeling of fear, unease, and worry. The source of these symptoms is not always known.

The metaphysics of postmodernism is a doctrine .  If you take facts and concepts from various branches of knowledge and look at it in a sense, it is felt that why postmodernism has become popular as a fashion in today's dialogue.  E.g.  If there was one, he would not only be able to express himself in some way or the other, but that sculpture, dance, experiment would have modernized the individual.

The present study is a descriptive one and survey method has been used by the investigator. The purpose of present research investigation is to find out the difference in the attitude of post graduate hostlers towards ragging. Sampling area for the present study comprises the students who are residing in different hostels of Lovely Professional University. The investigator has taken 180 postgraduate hostlers from different discipline (60 Science, 60 Management and 60 Arts) as sample for his investigation by using stratified random sampling technique. For collection of data the investigator has used Scale for Measuring Attitude of Post Graduate students towards Ragging constructed and standardized by the himself. For analysis and interpretation of data the investigator has used t-test.

The tribal areas constitute a very significant portion of backward areas of the country presenting a complex situation for both planners and administrators. The tribal communities predominately live in hilly and forest regions, which are comparatively inaccessible and isolated. This paper has analyzed the costs and revenues on tribal lands in the study area. The cost of cultivation on seeds in very low among the sample households. More than 56 per cent of the sample households are spending less than Rs. 500 on seeds. Around 70 per cent of the sample households are spending less than Rs. 500 on fertilizers. More than 44 per cent of the sample households are having total income in the range of rupees Rs.5,000 to Rs.10,000. Non- agricultural activities in the study area are also a good substitute for the livelihood of the scheduled tribes. More than 95 per cent of the sample households do not get the credit from institutional sources and it leads to get the credit from private moneylenders. In this regard, the government should play active role in making the institutional sources disburse the loans to the scheduled tribe people in these areas so that they are brought out of the clutches of the moneylenders.