ICT in education is not a very new terminology. It has now emerged as an information and knowledge guide t make education system more upgrade and updated. There is still common misconception that ICT based education is about teaching students about computer skills. But the fact is this that ICT based education system is about using computer technology as tools to enrich learning in various subjects such as English, science, mathematics etc.

HIV/AIDS is a global, social and developmental health concern. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Report 2014, globally approximately 35 million people are living with HIV/AIDS in 2013. Despite great effort it is found that around 2.1 million individuals worldwide became newly infected with HIV in 2013. The worst situation is 19 million of the 35 million people living with HIV today do not know that they have the virus (UNAIDS 2014). Ways to address the issue of HIV/AIDS is through Prevention and treatment. HIV/AIDS is not only bio medical concern rather also lined with social development of our country. One way to address the plight of PLWHA is through the support of religion and religions institutions. This study is about the role of religion in the promotion of HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention also focusing on infected people who need treatment, care and social support. The findings of the study show that People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) depend on religious teachings and spirituality to manage their illness. Religion is addressed as a coping mechanics to overcome from their suffering like anxiety, depression,lonliness,greif and suicidal tendencies .

Constructivism is basically a theory -- based on observation and scientific study -- about how people learn. It says that people construct their own understanding and knowledge of the world, through experiencing things and reflecting on those experiences. When we encounter something new, we have to reconcile it with our previous ideas and experience, maybe changing what we believe, or maybe discarding the new information as irrelevant. In any case, we are active creators of our own knowledge. To do this, we must ask questions, explore, and assess what we know. In the classroom, the constructivist view of learning can point towards a number of different teaching practices. In the most general sense, it usually means encouraging students to use active techniques (experiments, real-world problem solving) to create more knowledge and then to reflect on and talk about what they are doing and how their understanding is changing. The teacher makes sure she understands the students' preexisting conceptions, and guides the activity to address them and then build on them.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) covers all the technologies used for handling and communication of information and their use in education. They enrich the process of teaching – learning in various subjects of education. ICT based education is about using computers and technology as tools to enrich learning in various subjects of education. Present study intends to find out the perception of secondary school students regarding the extent of application of ICT in teaching – learning process. Normative survey method was adopted for the study. Students from rural and urban areas were selected for the study. Statistical techniques like measures of central tendency, dispersion, skewness, kurtosis and test of difference between means were calculated.

Lewis Nkosi is a vital Black writer in the present-day South African epoch. He noted for his novels Mating Birds (1986), Underground People (2002) and Mandela’s Ego (2006). His famous novel Underground People is focused on two characters, Black Cornelius Molapo and White Anthony Fergusson. He is the Black teacher, poet and good speaker in Johannesburg and chairman of local National Liberation Movement. The second one is the White South African Anthony Fergusson who lives in London. This movement works against the racialism of the contemporary White government. He deliberately disappeared from the movement and sent on the Tabanyane mountainous expedition. He fought with the White government for the Black natives until his death.

Higher education aims at enabling students to become autonomous independent learners. This emphasizes on a shift from teaching to facilitating effective learning and to promote the concepts of ownership and ‘reflection on learning’. It is necessary to provide a framework for reflection over which students themselves have a level of control. Teacher education intends to develop the necessary knowledge and skills for transactions in future classrooms. It requires resourcefulness and collaboration. This was achieved through the development of group projects carried over through teamwork and reflections. Students were given guidelines on the above and they achieved through interactions and reflections. The researcher states the experience of a case study in this paper.

In all societies, women have claimed equal status with men. It is of a vital importance in modern social science studies, and involves serious research. Progress in attitude, behaviour, pattern and legal system is inevitable in all civilized societies. In a progressive society the rights and obligations were determined on the basis of status of an individual. This paper examines historically the status of special reference to Tamil Nadu women. The level of culture of a particular society can very well be judged by the position of women in that society. Women especially the married one, enjoyed a position of respect and authority in the family as well as in society.

Poverty and unemployment are the twin problem’s faced by the developing country. India is a reach country inhabited by large number of poor people. Poverty in India is widespread with the nation estimated to have a third of the world’s poor (Report of World Bank-2005). A major cause of poverty among India’s rural people, both individual’s and communities is a lack of access to productive assets and financial resources. India’s Five Year Plans have focused on eradicating the poverty by providing more employment opportunities to the unemployed men and women. SHGs are effective in reducing poverty, empowerning women and creating awareness which finally results in sustainable development of the nation. In our country, during the past five decades efforts have been made to improve the status of women by various strategies and development programmes like Self help groups movement. Today, In India, Self Help Groups Movement represents a unique approach to financial intermediation. This combines access to low-cost financial services with a process of self management and development for the women who are SHG’s members. Most of the people living in rural areas have joined in SHG’s to get credit making it the largest and fastest network of financial inclusion. In India the role of Self Help Groups Movement in the rural development has attracted attention from all over the realm of social sciences. This paper seeks to exmine the role of NABARD in Self Help Groups Movement through SHG-Bank Linkage Programme in India.

The marine environment is a rich source of biologically active natural products many of which have not been found in terrestrial sources. The first living organisms have appeared in the sea more than 3,500 million years ago (Argulis L.et al 1982.). These organisms live in complex communities and in close association with other organisms both macro (e.g. algae, sponges, ascidians etc.) and micro (e.g. bacteria, fungi, actinomyctes etc.) organisms (Maudougall 1996.). Marine algae including micro algae photosynthesis, are one of the most primitive photosynthesizing contribute nearly 40% of global autotrophic groups of ecologically and economically important vegetation of oceanic ecosystem with unique life cycle and physiology, nearly 50,000 of seaweeds have been discovered in the marine environment (Filho- Lima et al., 2002).

Education is undergoing constant changes under the effects of globalization. The effects of globalization on education bring rapid developments in technology and communications are foreseeing changes within learning systems across the world as ideas, values and knowledge, changing the roles of students and teachers, and producing a shift in society from Industrialization towards an information-based society. It reflects the effect on culture and brings about a new form of cultural imperialism. The rise of new cultural imperialism is shaping children, the future citizens of the world into ‘global citizens’, intelligent people with a broad range of skills and knowledge to apply to a competitive, information based society. Globalization and technological advancements are delivering and increasing access to the world and subsequently subjects should reflect this global outlook. The internationalization of higher education can be linked to various internal and external changes in the international system. Externally, there have been changes in the labour market, which have resulted in calls for more knowledge and skilled workers, and workers with deeper understandings of languages, cultures and business methods all over the world. Education is becoming more invaluable to individuals. In today's environment, education provides individuals with a better chance of employment, which in turn leads to a better lifestyle, power and status. The commodification of knowledge as intellectual property has occurred particularly with regard to connecting the intellectual work of universities with community, business, and government interests and priorities. While such a tendency is often welcomed by so-called applied disciplines, it causes tensions between the more profitable applied subjects of science and technology, and those of basic theoretical enquiry, particularly in arts and humanities. It also creates institutional winners and losers. This paper analyze the effect of globalization on education and also discusses about the impact of globalization on higher education, regulations, culture, allocation of operation funds etc.

Human rights have been described as those minimal rights that every individual must have by virtue of his being „a member of human family‟ irrespective of any other consideration. They are based on mankind‟s demand for a life in which the inherent dignity of a human being will receive respect and protection. According to western political and philosophical thinking human rights are innate in individuals and are intrinsic factors in the quality of the human persons. They are to quote the words of Present Jefferson, “Inherent and Inalienable rights of man”, and hence a state that violates them in its laws and its actions breaches one of the very prerequisites of civil co – existence between states and may be legitimately brought to account.