Computers are increasingly widespread, influencing many aspects of our personal, work lives, as well as many of our leisure activities. As more tasks involve human-computer interaction, computers skills and knowledge have become more positively correlated with both occupational and personal success. It is possible to acquire information through using computers and the Internet. Therefore, as we move into a technology based society, it is important that student's classroom experiences with technology be equitable and unbiased for males and females. In most cases, the teacher is key to effective implementation of the use of computers in the educational system and given that teachers have tremendous potential to transmit beliefs and values to students, it is important to understand the biases and stereotypes that teachers may hold about the use of computers and the factors that act as facilitators to teachers' positive computers usage. Present study was conducted keeping in mind the objectives of comparing the attitude of government and private secondary school science and arts teachers belonging to urban and rural background towards use of computers in class-room teaching. The study was carried out on 500 secondary school teachers of rural and urban areas of Amritsar. The result revealed that there exists no significant difference in attitude of secondary school teachers belonging to urban and rural area towards use of computers. Further results showed that there exists no significant difference in attitude of secondary school teachers towards computers in classroom teaching.

Multilevel Marketing is a developing concept in the area of marketing.MLM giants like Amway, Avon, FLP, Oriflame etc. are working well all over the world and are connecting a large workforce with them. Even the biggest marketing corporate Hindustan Unilever Ltd., has set up an additional unit called Hindustan Unilever Network which promotes some special products under this concept. But this system always has been criticized for incurring losses to agents and cheating them.The present paper makes an effort to measure the perception of agents under this system. The tool employed for generating responses will be questionnaire based survey of agents to their perception regarding Multilevel Marketing Concept, Companies and products. This study indicates that, actually, agents are having positive perception for MLM concept, company and products.

The Aim Of The Study Was To Find Out The Relationship Between Multiple Intelligence And Critical Thinking Of B.Ed., Students In Tuticorin. The Sample Consists Of 250 B.Ed., Students . The Findings Showed That (I) There Is No Significant Difference Between Male And Female B.Ed., Trainees In Their Verbal- Linguistic, Logical-Mathematical, Visual-Spatial, Bodily-Kinesthetic, Musical-Rhythmic, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal And Naturalistic Intelligence (Ii) There Is No Significant Difference Between Male And Female B.Ed., Trainees In Their Critical Thinking (Iii) There Is No Significant Difference Among Boys, Girls And Co-Education B.Ed., Trainees And Their Verbal-Linguistic, Logical-Mathematics, Visual-Spatial, Bodily-Kinesthetic, Musical-Rhythmic, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal And Naturalistic Intelligence (Iv) There Is No Significant Difference Among Boys, Girls And Co- Education B.Ed., Trainees And Their Critical Thinking (V) There Is Significant Relationship Between Multiple Intelligence And Critical Thinking Of B.Ed., Trainees.

Problem solving involves application of thinking and reasoning to various kinds of problems encountered in life. Problem solving is an integral part of developmental activities and provides opportunities for children to practice what they have learned by applying their learning situations. According to the PISA (2012), the economic status of a student’s family has an impact on students PSS. It can be said that those students mother/fathers’ who are highest occupational status may stem from greater access to opportunities for developing problemsolving skills both in and outside of school compared to those who are not.

exploited humanity of Depressed Classes in India and the Proletariat class in European countries respectively. However, their perception of the society, their experience with society, their ideology of emancipation of the suffering masses and ways and means to attain the objective were different. The paper has focused on the relevance of the State Socialism in India by Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar through constitutional provisions and drawbacks of Scientific Socialism of Karl Marx. The philosophy of Marx is very vast to understand and has many aspects to study but so far Indian social system is concerned it is irrelevant to some extent. The paper does not cover Marxian philosophical analysis in whole but only certain aspects which have been addressed in the Ambedkarian philosophy of State socialism.

Information literacy (IL) programmes do a great deal more than tell how to use the Library. IL is vitally tied to the strategic value and use of information. In the paper I focus on various definitions of IL, how it has evolved from library user education, and the aims of various information literacy programmes. I emphasize that IL is a signal skill for lifelong and flexible learning situations. I indicate the key role of librarians in IL and identify some barriers to librarians’ effective involvement in and delivery of these programmes.

In the ancient past Women had very high position in the society., as days go by women had a secondary treatment ,they try to evolve themselves in all the activities. Women are abused as poor in mental and physical health, more injuries, and a greater need for medical resources. The impact of gender-based abuse on physical health can be immediate and long-term. Women who are abused rarely seek medical care for acute trauma, however. In the United States Women who have been abused seek treatment for the resulting with greater injuries women never be attributed to. Survivors of abuse often exhibit negative health behaviors, including alcohol and drug abuse. Chronic health problems stemming from abuse include chronic pain ,neurological problems, symptoms, including fainting and seizures; gastrointestinal disorders; and cardiac problemsi . As per the WHO international Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence found that women who are abused in Brazil, Japan, and Peru are almost twice as likely as non-abused women. Abused women often live in fear and suffer from depression, anxiety, and even post-traumatic stress disorder.

In this age of technology, there is a paradigm shift in our schools from traditional methods of teaching to the innovative techniques of teaching. Web Based Instruction has the potential to cope with the needs of individualized learning, co-operative learning and constructive approaches. In the Traditional, Web Based Instruction offers more flexibility in presentation and better management of instructional techniques. Web Based courses engage students in meaningful interactive dialogue and promotes conceptual learning and clarity. Thus, the study is being done as the investigator feels that the schools should develop a vision of how technology can improve teaching learning process and make the pupils more informative and develop the various skills and abilities. In the present study investigator will use the Web Based Teaching using websites, for teaching of Chemistry at secondary level.

In modern world of education teaching and learning become digital. It makes education more convenient and interesting. An electronic content or e-content is demand of current education system .E-content is a digital content that can be transferred over a computerized devices or computer network. It helps in the easy and effective learning. Sample 50 students were taken it was divided in to experimental group and non experimental group. Non experimental group taught by traditional method and experimental group taught by using the E-Content .It is found that achievement of experimental group is better than non experimental group.

Present study was undertaken to the attitude of graduate students towards value- orientated education in Kurukshetra University. For this investigation, descriptive study was conducted, for this purpose 120 respondent of graduate students were selected randomly from Kurukshetra University. The aim of this study was to compare the attitude of arts, commerce and science graduate students towards value-oriented education. A self made scale for measuring the attitude of under graduate students towards value- oriented education. Investigator found that there is no significant difference between the attitude of art, commerce and science graduate students towards valueoriented education.

मराठी में शब्दभेदों के संबंध में विचार का प्रारंभ ‘नाम’ से शुरू होता है। ‘संज्ञा’ को मराठी में ‘नाम’ कहा जाता है। मराठी में ‘नाि’ का मतलब ‘नाम’ (संज्ञा) है। ‘संज्ञा’ शब्दों का सबसे बड़ा िर्ग है। एक ही शब्द का प्रयोर् भभन्न-भभन्न स्थलों पर विभभन्न अथों में ककया जाता है। एक ही शब्द से अनेक िस्तुओं या भाि आदद के बोध करने की व्यािहाररक अननिायगता और प्रयत्नलाघि (Economy of effort) की प्रिृवि एिं प्रकिया से ही शब्द अनेकाथी बन जाते हैं।

This is an attempt to highlight the interdependence of Right to Information (RTI) and information literacy and the role of public libraries which acts as catalyst between the two. Public library is the only effective social repository which can collect and organize the above mentioned information and provide access to it to all the people free of cost in an equal and unbiased way.

B.Ed of Kanpur Mahanagar for editing the present study.  The general caste and scheduled caste student teachers and student teachers of the training colleges have been included as population.  In this study, survey method and t-test have been used to compare the level of aspiration and stress of general caste and scheduled caste male and female student teachers.  A sample was selected from the study population using simple random sampling method.  Findings of the study - 1 There is a significant difference in the aspiration level of the general caste and scheduled caste student teachers studying in the B.Ed class.  2. B.  There is a significant difference in the aspiration level of the general caste and scheduled caste female teachers studying in the Ed class.  3. B.  There is a significant difference in the stress of the general caste and scheduled caste student teachers studying in Ed class.  4. There is a significant difference in the stress of the general caste and scheduled caste female teachers studying in the B.Ed class.

Indian art has a special significance of its own.  In Indian art we can see the scale of human knowledge and art.  This art is rich in literature, religion and philosophy.  Creative and symbolic forms are seen in Indian art.  Dr.  According to Vasudev Sharan Agarwal, the art of India is a mirror of the thoughts, religion, philosophy and culture of India.  From that, the living conditions of the lakhs of people there, the thought of deity, and how the rituals were performed.  The history of Indian art can be traced back to the Indus Valley.  This art reached its peak during the Mauryan and Gupta periods.  The contribution of many castes in Indian art can be seen in different areas.  Culture and art have a special relationship.  It includes values of life, rites, religion, art, punishment, literature, morals, faith and belief.

Infrastructure is the prerequisite for the development of any economy. Roads, telecommunications, energy, water, health, housing, and educational facilities have become part and parcel of human existence. It is difficult to imagine a modern world without these facilities. These are vital to the household life as well as to the economic activity. Infrastructure plays a crucial role in promoting economic growth and thereby contributes to the reduction of economic disparity, poverty and deprivations in a country. Greater access of the poor to education and health services, water and sanitation, road network and electricity is needed to bring equitable development and social empowerment. It is an important pre-condition for sustainable economic and social development. Infrastructural investments in transport (roads, railways, ports and civil aviation), power, irrigation, watersheds, hydroelectric works, scientific research and training, markets and warehousing, communications and informatics, education, health and family welfare play a strategic but indirect role in the development process, but makes a significant contribution towards growth by increasing the factor productivity of land, labour and capital in the production process, especially safe drinking water and sanitation, basic educational facilities strongly influence to the quality of life of the people. This study establishes the relationship between infrastructure and economic growth using growth theories by empirical evidences. Finally it concludes infrastructure and poverty reduction in the Indian context.

Reservation for women in legislature has a long history. Legislative reservation for women was discussed in India first in the contextof the constitutional reforms in the 1930. The Government of India Acts of 1919 and 1935 had granted separate electorates for Muslims, Sikhs and Christians and had an idea of reservation for women. This was opposed by the demand of absolute equally of women and men. The women’s organizations like All India Women’s Congress considered women’s presence in the legislature secondary to the foal of freedom. They demanded the right to be elected to the legislature but with equality and no privileges. The key issue then was absolute equality versus preferential treatment not only of women but also of other groups.The opposition of these groups the colonial government had gone ahead and reserved 41 seat in the Provincial legislature as well as limited reservation in the central legislature, by the government of India Act of 1935. Though the AIWC had opposed the reservation earlier, it took the advantage of thereservations. In 1937 election 56 women became legislators , 41 in the reserved seats only 10 in the unreserved and 5 in nominated seats. The reserved seats laid the ground for the women’s participation in politics and provided them a foothold in legislatures.The Participation of women in politics has the background in the social reform movement in the 19th and 20th centuries which focused on the women’s issues like age of marriage education and equal rights with men. In 1920s and 30s Mahatma Gandhi’s politics opened the gates of political participation for women at different levels. Gandhi welcomed women’s participation in satyagraha which brought a large number of women in politics. However, as was discussed earlier, reservation for women was opposed by the women’s wing of Congress. The constitution of India adopted the principle Franchise, thus giving women voting right on par with men. The percentage of women in Parliament has been very low right from the beginning. This is not a very encouraging picture. Therefore there is this demand for women’s reservation in parliament. Prejudices and cultural perceptions about the role of society are among the greatest obstacles to women’s entry into politics.