Threre are various attacks in internet. The attacker gain s the unauthorized acess to the web based applications and performs data theft and modification to the database. SQL injection attacks are mostly found on web based applications. The unauthorized user gain acess to the system by creating sql queries that are totally different what the application needs. The social web sites like facebook, orkut, twitter involves sql injection attacks where hacker gets the access of user accounts and involves changing the profile information passing vulgar messages to the friends. The online banking transaction involves sql injection attacks where transaction by where unauthorized user is done. The The username password and confidential information is leaked. The plug-in tool is open source tool for detecting the sql injection and cross side scripting. It supports all kind of database and operating system

As a result of “GLOBALIZATION”, the “Earth” turns into a small village. Moreover, this is needless to say that the news of a small village is made known to all in a moment. As an instance, the number of the poor and the unemployed persons is more than solvent and employed persons. In one side the image of increasing population and on the other side the unequal distribution excepting the difference between poor and solvent person increase the agony of poor and unemployed person. Once upon a time ,in a specific region, the trouble of the poor and unemployed thrust them to go another region in order to be free from economic hardships and to get more comfortable life otherwise they fell into death due to starvation . At present times, in our India, the people being in unequal and imperfect rivalry are deviated from the right path. To get relief from the trouble , the equal distribution of resources and the awareness of maximum people as well as the same awareness on the part of our every government of our world are vitally necessary to do the needful action taken up to rise from global problems - poverty and unemployment . India including our state i.e. West Bengal is not outside the problem. In all areas of government and non government sectors the output of surplus employment and shortage employment is carried forward, as the folk is trained for needed courses whereas some or a large number forsake the unnecessary courses. In one side, because of increasing population the food crisis and money crisis take place all over the whole world as well as the number of unemployment and incapable workers is rapidly increasing. From the small industry to hospital, insurance company, transport sector (i.e. air, naval, rail departments) etc. workers are curtailed in a profuse number.

The period of Adolescence is characterized by its nimbleness, boldness, and liveliness which demands guidance and direction to make healthy and informed choices. And the period of adolescence is often regarded as the period of “storm and stress.” (Stanley Hall, 1904). Emotional intelligence is very important for adolescents in this regard as they helps adolescents to enhance their abilities, to take responsibility for making healthier choice, resisting negative pressure, deal constructively with others and avoiding risk behaviours. . This paper explores the dimensions of emotional intelligence of adolescents namely the personal efficacy, intrapersonal efficacy and inter personal efficacy. The research study revealed that 27. 40 % of the adolescents are having very high level of emotional intelligence and 30. 14 % are having high level of emotional intelligence. In personal efficacy dimension 27. 40 % adolescents have very high level of personal efficacy, 24. 66 % have high personal efficacy. In inter personal efficacy level 35. 62. % of adolescents are having very high level of inter personal efficacy and 23. 29 % of adolescents are having high level of inter personal efficacy. In the intra personal level only 8. 22 % adolescents are having very high level of intra personal efficacy and 21. 92 % are having high level of intra personal skills.

This paper describes the “value based Learning” and what is value education. The common learning is only depending on text book. The teacher’s teaching on curriculum in classroom. But the purpose is only examination view. This paper tries to discuss some activities for value of our national needs and national achievements. In this paper there are concept of value education and role of teacher in value education. Present paper tries to discuss normal learning and how we can include value in education. Just as the teacher will have to learn new techniques for implicate value education in day to day learning.

Female feticide--the selective abortion of female fetuses--is killing upwards of one million females in India annually with far-ranging and tragic consequences. In some areas, the sex ratio of females to males has dropped to less than 943:1000 (It is 943females on 1000 Males).This is evident from the declining sex ratio which has dropped to alarming levels, especially in the northern states according to Census 2011 reports. Women are murdered all over the world. But in India a most brutal form of killing females takes place regularly, even before they have the opportunity to be born. The proliferation and abuse of advanced technologies coupled with social factors contributing to the low status of women such as dowry, concerns with family name and looking up to the son as a breadwinner has made the evil practice of female feticide to become common in the middle and higher socio-economic households, especially in the northern states. Females not only face inequality in this culture, they are even denied the right to be born. Why do so many families selectively abort baby daughters? Although female infanticide has long been committed in India, feticide is a relatively new practice, emerging concurrently with the advent of technological advancements in prenatal sex determination on a large scale in the 1990s. While abortion is legal in India, it is a crime to abort a pregnancy solely because the fetus is female. This article aims at making it clear that gender selective abortions have to be viewed as a social issue rather than a women issue.

As the Right of Children to Free And Compulsory Education Act 2009 was enforced; Govt. implemented Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) system in Maharashtra from August 2010 . CCE has recommended Formative & Summative Evaluation. Formative Evaluation continues throughout the year whereas Summative Evaluation includes Term-end Exams. CCE has suggested eight tools of Formative Evaluation. They are Daily Observations, Oral Work, Practical’s /Experiments, Activities, Projects, Tests, Assignment/Class work and Any other tool. To cope up with the new method of evaluation; methods of teaching & strategies of learning need to be modified. Teachers are expected to take care of “values, core elements of the syllabus and life skills” during the teaching learning process. Many training programmes have been organised for them, yet they find difficulty in the implementation of CCE. The present paper discusses how and which modern methods of teaching and learning can be used to suit the system of CCE.

India is a developing country aspiring to be a developed country. In the process of becoming developed country it has to handle various aspects of the development like infrastructural, human, economical and so on which are associated with the indicators of development. The human development is indeed the most important as well as complex task . In India population is unevenly distributed geographically but there are many groups which are considered as deprived. These groups are need to be given more attention so as to accelerate the process of development.

The present article explore the dimension of EQ and SQ with its composite elements and there implications in education psychologist and educationalist realized that IQ and EQ analysis are more effective if they are considered in the light of SQ.

The study focused on the ICT awareness of the teacher trainees and also development of awareness program with its effectiveness. The objectives of the study were To find out the awareness of latest technologies among teacher trainees ,To identify necessity of teacher trainees in various field of ICT, To develop an Orientation programme for teacher trainees depending on their need, To test the effectiveness of Orientation Programme. Survey and Experimental methods were used for this research study. Single group pre - post design was used for the study. Firstly a survey of 200 teacher trainees was conducted to test the level of awareness and to check the needs about ICT. The sample was selected by random sampling method. As per the needs found in the survey the awareness program was developed and was implemented on the group of thirty, which was selected by purposive sampling method. The conclusions were as follows: It was found that teacher trainees have average level of overall awareness of ICT, Large percentage of teacher trainees needs to be guided about the latest in the technology, The awareness programme was helpful to enhance the level of ICT awareness of teacher trainees .

This paper tends to study the feminist perspectives in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel entitled The Scarlet Letter. Before delving deep into the textual analysis, it is essential to have fair understanding of the concept of feminism for a fruitful and objective discussion of the novel. The Feminist criticism, one of the invigorating modern approaches to literature, was inaugurated in 1960. It is primarily concerned with the projection and presentation of women in literature. The study of feminist critical theory can broadly be classified into two dimensions. First, woman presented in literature by male writers from male point of view, and second, woman presented by female writers from their viewpoints. The former gives rise to a feminist theory known as phallocentrism; the latter promotes a kind of criticism called gynocentricism.

This paper describes the first in the sequence of 3 phase research project based on the Development and evaluation of an ongoing “Culturally Responsive Early Childhood Teacher Education(C R E C T E) program for preservice Warli teachers in India. It portrays the silent voices of the pre-service Warli Early Childhood Educators in a context in which their cultural landscape, issues of identity, pragmatics of employment, family and community and a bureaucratic mechanism intersect to create educational scenarios that are multi-facetted in their complexity. This landscape of professional pathways of pre-service Warli teachers offer data for teacher educators and policy-makers to consider in the drive to 'close the gap' in the early childhood educational opportunity among Warli community

Corporate Governance has fast emerged as a benchmark for judging corporate excellence in the context of national and international business practices. From guidelines and desirable code of conduct some decade ago, corporate governance is now recognized as a paradigm for improving competitiveness and enhancing efficiency and thus improving investors’ confidence and accessing capital, both domestic as well as foreign. Banks are also the channels through which the country’s savings are collected and used for investments. Corporate governance has become a dynamic concept and not static one. Banks in India are the most significant source of finance for a majority of firms in Indian industry. Banks are also the channels through which the country’s savings are collected and used for investments. India has recently liberalized its banking system through privatization, disinvestments and has reduced the role of economic regulation and consequently managers of banks have obtained greater autonomy and freedom with regard to running of banks. Corporate governance in banks has assumed importance in India post-1991 reforms because competition compelled banks to improve their performance. Basel Committee on Banking Supervision states some Key CG Shortcomings that came to light during 2008 Crisis include: insufficient board oversight of senior management, inadequate risk management; and unduly complex or opaque bank organizational structures and activities This research examines the practices of corporate governance attributes in banking sector and how they adhere to corporate governance practices. The results of this research indicate the practice of corporate governance is at nascent stage although corporate governance practices by Indian Banking Sector are more than a decade. Private and public sector banks and also co-operative banks are adhering to mandatory requirements of corporate governance attributes as a result it is bringing more transparency and minimizing the chances of fraud and malpractices. The data were collected through various published and unpublished reports and websites. The paper reveals that India has a good CG mechanism and disclosure practices on par with world counterpart.

Aggression, the quality of anger and determination that makes one ready to hurt people is one of the very common characteristics of human behavior. This pattern of behavior is widely learned and often seen imitated by children during the pre-school age. A child is to be manifested to transform his behavior to a socially acceptable manner

The success of any organization depends on the availability of committed human resources. Employees with intrinsic motivation perform in a better way than with extrinsic motivation. Now –a – days due to the change in the philosophy of employer’s views towards their employees, they were treated as important variables in the success of the organization. Here we have to remember that the famous saying, “Satisfied employee is a production employee”. Every organization is trying to the best of its efforts to keep the level of satisfaction of employees at a higher degree. Besides providing satisfaction an advanced concept in the current day human resource management discipline to increase the commitment, dedication, morale, belongingness, positive attitude towards organization, creativity and innovative in the task performance and acceptance to any kind of change is ‘Empowerment’.

The 20th century was known as the century of science.  In the early part of the 20th century, there was progress in science and technology in the fourth quarter of the 20th century.  In the 21st century, the population is increasing rapidly.  At the same rate, people's living conditions are also changing.  Today every field of life is covered by science and technology.  Therefore, the overall social life of the nation has changed.  In this changing situation, the role of the teacher has also changed.  Teaching is not the end of the work, but beyond the daily work, a teacher has to fulfill a huge responsibility.

The high population growth and the low purchasing power of Nigerians dictate their demand. Therefore, this study evaluated demand response (elasticity) for cooking fuels, in the urban areas of Oyo State. The study analyzed; socio-economic characteristics of household, household expenditure on selected cooking fuels, own price, cross price and income elasticity of demand for selected cooking fuels. Systematic sampling procedure was employed to select 150 respondents (household heads). The primary data were subjected to descriptive statistics and the Linear Approximate of Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS) model. This study revealed an average household size of 5. The income elasticity was -0.04E-03, 0.02 and 3.0 for fuel wood, Kerosene and cooking gas respectively: thus, fuel wood was an inferior commodity; kerosene was a necessity while, cooking gas was a luxury. The result of the cross elasticity indicated that the cooking fuels (fuel wood, Kerosene and cooking gas) were substitutes. It was concluded that the demand of kerosene and cooking gas should be encouraged at expense of the demand for fuel wood. This was to encourage aforestation

I have made a 12 volt battery operated electronic device named Multipurpose Teaching Machine or MTM ( in brief ) on white board (2’*1’6’’) by which we can teach each and every subject to the students of any class. It has two columns and 10 rows. In first column, we can write 10 questions and in second column, answers of these questions can be written. Students uses two dual pointed Audio-Visual Pins Leads to show correctness or incorrectness of their reply/matching column I with column II. Red indicator glows on wrong matching whereas green indicator glows on right matching. Buzzer rings in both the cases. It is a novel machine since it also informs the students about the incorrectness of their responses. Traditional Teaching Machines informs only about the correctness of response. Hence my machine is a two-way machine. It became possible only with the use of diodes. Children by nature are active & creative and we cannot let them learn without utilization of their surplus energies. The amount of learning is directly proportional to the involvement of the number of senses in the process of teaching-learning. The constructed model requires the use of 3 senses such as eye, ear and skin, so, it may cause strong learning. This machine can be used equally in teaching-learning, drill & exercise & evaluation work. It has unlimited applications in teaching-learning process. Circuit of my M.T.M. seems quite complex but it was the need of this project. In this connection I would like to quote Albert Einstein who once said, “Everything should be made as simple as possible but not simpler.”

This research presents results of a survey focusing on study of the target consumers’ buying behavior towards handlooms and handicrafts of CIDCO’s (City and Industrial Development Corporation of Maharashtra) Urban Haat project which is the part of Government of India’s policy to set up permanent marketing infrastructure at prime locations in the country to eliminate middle agencies. Understanding Consumer Buying Behavior offers greater satisfaction to consumers. We assume that the project has adopted the Marketing Concept, purchase decision process and is consumer oriented. The purpose of this survey was to identify target consumers, factors influencing purchase decision process and to analyze is product meet target consumer’s requirements. Therefore survey was conducted through close ended questionnaire from random sampling size of 100 respondents. It has been found that young female and male those are the professionals with middle class family are the target consumers who have greater influence on purchase decision process of handloom and handcraft product.. But their needs are not fully fulfilled due to price and variety factors. And high class consumers are not attracted in this process.

Now a day a serious business and other types of transaction are being conducted over the Internet. Some secret information is send from one place to other via Internet .We required some kind of security for our data so that intruder cannot capture the data and miss use. Using this proposed method we hide the data and send to receiver using encrypted image .Using this method we provide more security to our data instead of just hiding the data, first encrypt it and then hide. One more advantage of this method is if we compress the image because of limited channel resources by channel provider it will not affect our hide data .With encrypted image also we can transfer the important image . So two way use this method to send the data and to send the image both in secure manner. In the first phase, a sender encrypts the original uncompressed image using an encryption key. Then, a data-hider encrypts the data and may compress the least significant bits of the encrypted image using a data-hiding key to create a sparse space to accommodate some additional data. With an encrypted image containing additional data, if a receiver has the datahiding key, he can extract the additional data though he does not know the image content. If the receiver has the encryption key, he can decrypt the received data to obtain an image similar to the original one, but cannot extract the additional data. If the receiver has both the data-hiding key and the encryption key, he can extract the additional data and recover the original content without any error .The limitation of this method is that additional data is not too large. Still with these limitations in recent years, signal processing in the encrypted domain has attracted considerable research interest.

Now a day a serious business and other types of transaction are being conducted over the Internet. Some secret information is send from one place to other via Internet .We required some kind of security for our data so that intruder cannot capture the data and miss use. Using this proposed method we hide the data and send to receiver using encrypted image .Using this method we provide more security to our data instead of just hiding the data, first encrypt it and then hide. One more advantage of this method is if we compress the image because of limited channel resources by channel provider it will not affect our hide data .With encrypted image also we can transfer the important image . So two way use this method to send the data and to send the image both in secure manner. In the first phase, a sender encrypts the original uncompressed image using an encryption key. Then, a data-hider encrypts the data and may compress the least significant bits of the encrypted image using a data-hiding key to create a sparse space to accommodate some additional data. With an encrypted image containing additional data, if a receiver has the datahiding key, he can extract the additional data though he does not know the image content. If the receiver has the encryption key, he can decrypt the received data to obtain an image similar to the original one, but cannot extract the additional data. If the receiver has both the data-hiding key and the encryption key, he can extract the additional data and recover the original content without any error .The limitation of this method is that additional data is not too large. Still with these limitations in recent years, signal processing in the encrypted domain has attracted considerable research interest.

Here we have defined a parametric difference ( ) on a hypergeometric series and found the nth difference of contiguous relations. We have taken special case 2F1.This parametric difference also shown in terms of contiguous relations.

THere we have defined a parametric difference ( ) on a hypergeometric series and found the nth difference of contiguous relations. We have taken special case 2F1.This parametric difference also shown in terms of contiguous relations.

The expansion of education has been remained as an agenda of the state since pre independence period. Education has been recognized as the most powerful tool for empowerment, in accelerating development and bringing social change. Education means enhanced prospects of social, cultural and economic development for any nation. The movements for improving the women’s status all over the world has also emphasized education as the most significant instrument for changing women’s’ subjugated position in the society. The availability of information, which education provides, leads to new ideas, a clear understanding of one’s position or state, a change of outlook, questioning and challenging of rules and regulations in one’s community. It is the index of human resource development. Women’s educational status makes path towards empowerment. Most of the women population in India resides in rural areas. Being born as females and brought up in the deprived rural setup, rural women always remained in double deprivation in terms of availing equal opportunities of life. The prevailing feudal setup, the overriding economic constraints and strong social prejudices against women particularly in rural areas restricted the women’s education and empowerment. Present paper highlights constraints confronting educational access to Indian rural women with empirical evidences.

India is one of the highest Mango producing countries in the world which accounts for 62% of the total world production of Mango. It is estimated that mango consists of edible pulp 33-85%, kernel-9-40%, and inedible peel-7-24%. Due to this during industrial Mango processing, a large quantity of waste is generated which has serious disposable problems. One of the solutions is to use this waste as feed for animals due to this there will be less completion for the ingredients which are used for human consumption. But the Mango seed kernel which is a waste from processing can be used as a feed ingredient in fish feed. But the problem is using this product in feed is that it contains anti-nutrients and toxic components such as saponins, lectins, tannins, trypsin inhibitors, and cyanogenic glycosides which make them unsafe as protein and carbohydrate sources in livestock production. Many simple processes are been reported for reduction or removal of ant nutritional factor and toxic components are boiling, drying, soaking, leaching and fermentation. If mango seed kernel waste is managed properly it will be an additional asset to the mango processor, fish farmers and fish feed mill owners, etc. without compromising the environment.

Translation is an art of certain knowledge describing, a certain education and a significant amount of talent are necessary. “In view of all these parameters, translators are underrated, underpaid and their place in society is a much nuanced one. They earn scant credit from readers and reviewers as well, and virtually no publicity. Translators are undervalued nowadays; their job is viewed as unimaginative and secondary. It is only necessary to research creativity if the translations are to a certain degree imaginative, but the creativity of translations relies on that of the source material. The translation is as ancient as the culture of man. We, human beings, have been using words to translate our emotions and concepts since the beginning of civilisation. Translation helps multiple cultures to interact, collaborate, and enhance each other.” The primary aim of this essay is to explain how translation happens and plays a critical function in the world. Hence this paper brief discussion about the translation and its nature and application in modern age.