Tourism is a tertiary economic activity. It is growing fast and has great prosper. ‘Tourism has been recognized as an important sector of global economy with a contribution of about 91 percent of domestic tourism’ (Pankaj Bhalla, 2004). Tourism is an important activity who generate number of jobs and also infrastructural development in related region and also support to social, cultural as well as economic development in respective region. The growth speed of this tertiary economic activity is increasing day by day in world, because of high standard of living, economic development of the region, high purchasing power parity. Easy availability of transport facilities, good accession information of tourism places, online accommodation, best season and booking through electronic media are also support positively. Some tourists places can highly contribute to socio-economic development of the region, if they developed. Best example is Durg Bhandar near Tryambakeshwar in Nasik district. Most of these forts are located over the hills amid picturesque natural beauty. These ancient and historical forts in Nasik district are the monuments of national importance and form exquisite tourist and trekking spots. These tourism places have much potential of tourism. In this study we selected 7 forts out of 36. Main study has done on physical and social attributes. And find the Social as well as Physical attribute Potential value which are help to give suggestions for planner and developer for future planning which help to develop region. This study widely helps development of historical tourist places. Therefore, this study mainly focus on how to develop some forts as good tourist places which can help to develop the economic and social status of the people in the region and development of the region.

Harsha was the head of the kingdom. He wielded extensive powers. He was both the highest court of justice and the supreme commander. He himself led his armies and himself made appointment to high offices of the kingdom. Though a despot, he never ruled as such. His administration was based on the principle of people's welfare. He was liberal and was always prepared to work for the welfare of his people. He was enlightened and indefatigable. He had opened dispensaries, rest-house etc., for his people. He forgot sleep and food his devotion to good work.

This research paper presents an overview of the fishing industry in India. The fishing industry is an essential source of food, nutrition, employment, and income in India. Fish and fish products are affordable and the healthiest options to mitigate hunger and malnutrition. The fisheries sector is dominated by socio-economically backward people all over India. It provides a cheap source of nutrients to society. However, still, several issues and challenges are hindering the fishery sector. There is a severe need of applying good management practices for the long-term sustainability of the fishing industry.

National and international obligations make it mandatory that all educational institutions must practice inclusive education. India has recently proposed National Education Policy, 2020 with a view to revamp and revitalize Indian education. NEP, 2020 strongly and categorically focuses on implementing inclusive education at all levels in all educational institutions. However, the policy is not clear about implementation of inclusive education. The present paper tries to highlight the inadequacies of the policy with reference to inclusive education.

Children with disabilities are facing many challenges in inclusive settings. Many barriers like attitudinal and infrastructural barriers are creating hindrances in avail quality inclusive education by children with disabilities. This study primarily focuses (i) to compare general and special teachers on their attitudes towards inclusive education with reference to its barriers and facilitators according to their- (a) Gender (b) Locality and (ii) to compare general and special teachers on their attitudes towards inclusive education with reference to its barriers and facilitators according to their - (a) Teachers’ category (b) School category (c) Teaching experience (d) Age (e) Academic qualifications (f) Professional qualifications. A total sample of 238 (145 general teachers) was chosen using a simple random sampling technique and (93 special teachers) were selected using the purposive sampling technique. A tool “Teacher Attitude Scale towards Inclusive Education” developed and standardised by Dr. Vishal Sood and Dr. Arti Anand (2011) was used to collect the data. Results of the study indicate that (i) Teachers were found significantly different on their attitudes towards inclusive education according to their gender (male and female), their category (general and special teachers), teaching experience, age, academic qualifications, and professional qualifications. (ii) Teachers were not found significantly different on their attitudes towards inclusive education according to their locality and school category (class I-V and Class VI-VIII) (iii) Male teachers expressed positive attitudes than that of their female counterparts; urban teachers also showed slightly positive attitudes as compared to their rural counterparts and similarly, primary school teachers showed a little higher level of attitudes towards inclusive education to their upper primary counterparts. Regular inclusive pedagogical training for general teachers and provision of adequate support services, infrastructural facilities, recruitment of required rehabilitation professionals, and availability of equipments in schools are recommended by the teachers. Key Words:

Traditionally, a distinction is made between Indian and western thinking, and this is exemplified in everything from religion to attire, food to education, thought process and relations, and emotions. While Indian thinking is characterized as spiritual and mystical in nature, western thinking is scientific, logical, rational, materialistic and individualistic. However, from ancient past, there were certain similarities between Indian and Western thought, particularly, Buddhist thought and Western philosophy have several interesting parallels. Although the Ancient Greeks undoubtedly had contact with Buddhism, all through the Middle Ages and beyond, the West was almost totally ignorant of it. Heraclitus conception of constant flux of Universe, Protagoras man centered philosophy having similarities with Buddhism. Greek Skepticism particularly that of Pyrrho can be compared to Buddhist philosophy, especially with the Indian Mādhyamika School. Hume’s conception of personal identity is very similar to the Buddhist notion of not-self. Similarly, German Idealism, especially Kant’s, Schopenhauer and Nietzsche’s philosophy, Phenomenology of Edmund Husserl, Existentialism of Heidegger, Process philosophy of A. N. Whitehead and Wittgenstein philosophy are having more similarities with Buddhist thought. Therefore, the present paper is intended to have a critical and analytical look into the basic similarities in their conceptions of Buddhism and Western philosophy.

If education has to prepare students for life and facilitate a successful and efficient transition from student’s life to a professional well developed civilized one, then the educational goals need to be fixed for equipping them to live in world where, the key to success is the ability to be flexible, ability to change. They should possess tools and skills with the capability to apply them to tasks, to be decision makers and makers of their own destiny. Therefore, education must see that it prepares not a few persons with a great knowledge but many persons with competent knowledge, capable of employing their faculties to the best possible use. If these are the expectations from Education then teacher education programmes or teacher preparation programmes will be called upon to shoulder even more serious responsibilities. There is thus the immediate need to address the TEP in light of the performance management viewpoint and indeed it begins its curriculum life skills - essential to all teachers who are ultimately responsible for their students development - be it physical mental, emotional or social.

‘Non-teaching staff’ is a category defined as anyone employed by a school system who doesn't serve as a classroom teacher. This can include administrative staff, guidance counselors, librarians, custodians, food service personnel, and even transportation workers. Teaching and non-teaching staff are the two essential workhorses of any academic institution. It is essential for the non-teaching staff to perform their duties responsibly to enable the teaching staff and the organization to work smoothly. They both have to work in synchronization with each other to make the organization grow. People in education have greater needs for conceptual, human relations skills as well as job related skills. Therefore, their need for training does not remain confined to the development of skills needed for specific jobs.

The importance of reading should not be overlooked, as learning to read determines a large part of one’s destiny. Every language has its collection of symbols and a unique way of pronouncing them. Learning to decode their distinct symbols is required for reading. The study conducted by Chall (1969, p. 93)1 stressed that students who recognize their letters, read and comprehend better. Hence providing some kind of training program in Phonetics would help the learners not only recognize symbols and their corresponding sounds but also to read fluently and correctly. Reading and spelling difficulties are reduced and eased with instruction in speech-sound awareness and hence classroom instruction must have some training program on Phonetics that will help in accelerating reading and understanding. As one of the main goals of learning phonetics is to enable students to understand words even when they are spoken to by someone with a different accent. Learners' confidence and enthusiasm can be boosted by strengthening their pronunciation and also adult learners possess the ability to self-examine and selfcorrect what they learn. The contemporary study intends to find out the awareness among B.Ed. student teachers in learning Phonetics to improve their reading abilities and communication skills. Hence the investigator took a sample of 74 pre-service teachers from three different colleges and administered a test with 24 statements looking out for their awareness on learning Phonetics to improve their reading skills. The findings of the study indicated that prospective teachers were to some extent aware of the importance of Phonetics in improving their reading and communication skills and portrayed their dire need to undergo some expert training in Phonetics.

This study was carried out to compare the Spiritual Intelligence of secondary level students studying in Modern and Indigenous Schools. Sample comprised of 600 secondary level students. Spiritual Intelligence Scale developed by Researcher (selfconstructed) was employed for data collection. Statistical techniques employed were: Mean, Standard Deviation and Critical Ratio. Results revealed the significant difference between secondary level students of Modern and Indigenous schools in terms of Spiritual Intelligence.

The present study is to develop and asses the effectiveness of mobile learning application software to enhance B Ed. students learning with respect to two parameters i.e Active Participation and Social Interaction. A sample of 80 B. Ed college students belonging from Sir J. P. College of Education and Research, Palghar was taken. The experimental research methodology were adapted to check the effectiveness with one sample pre testpost test design. Data were collected with researcher made tool for pre test and post test and were analyzed using t-test. Result revealed that there no statistical significant difference in pre test and post test scores of Active Participation and Social Interaction to enhance B. Ed students learning for the two years credit based choice system. The study also revealed that though the statistical difference was not there but student found JYOTI app very informative, helpful, social friendly and interactive through reaction analysis of open ended questionnaire.

The central ideal of this exploration is to explore how online literacy is changing both preceptors and the teaching profession in advanced education. As part of this investigation, I delved the impact of online teaching on the professional personality of preceptors who have transitioned to the online classroom. I also considered the part played by technology in this process. Previous exploration has shown that developing a stable teaching personality is a crucial element in schoolteacher retention (Danielewizc, 2001), as well as a critical contributor to success and effectiveness in the classroom (Alsup, 2005; Day etal., 2006). I contend that a stable teaching personality is inversely important for online preceptors. Alsup argues that, when brazened with circumstances at odds with important aspects of their beliefs about teaching and literacy, preceptors initiate a process of professional uniqueness renegotiation in order to resolve the conflict caused by the discordant circumstances at hand (Alsup, 2005). This is likely to be particularly true for online preceptors. A teaching and literacy experience deprived of face-to- face relations is a major source of conflict. In order to successfully acclimate to the unique conditions of the online classroom, preceptors need to rethink beliefs and values about what it means to be a schoolteacher, both virtually and theoretically.

The pandemic situation has caused shutting down of schools, colleges and other educational institutions globally. More than a billion students are not able to avail the classroom boons. Ergo, education has drastically modified giving an uplift to e-Learning through the utility of digital platforms. Analysis on how the education sector responds to this pandemic, making the maximum and optimistic use of digital platforms how government and SCERT brought the Diksha app in use making education easily available. This study uncovered the accessibility, and challenges of technological assisted textbook. A sample were selected 1. On the basis of Upper Primary school and Secondary school 240 teachers, 240 students and 240 parents of NMMC school, Government aided school &Private school and also from Upper Primary and Secondary Section. This research will be survey method for studying accessibility and challenges of Technological Assisted text book in the teaching learning process. With the help of questionnaires researcher will check the opinion of teachers, students and parents of students of Municipal School, Government aided and private school. To study the nature of the data and differences between various variables of the study, the researcher made use of inferential statistics technique. For the purpose of inferential analysis of the data in the present study, T test and ANOVA was used to find out the relationship between various dimensions. The values of standard deviation used to measure the trade or actions of scores in sample each hypothesis is tested with T test and ANOVA.Accessibility for Teachers, students and parents of Municipal school teacher is good but the analysis shows that Government aided and Private school teachers face difficulties in accessing the QR code. It could be because of lack of knowledge regarding QR code. The analysis shows that government aided school students face a few more difficulties compared to the other school students. Challenges faced by teachers, students and parents could be because some teachers were not aware of QR Code or DIKSHA APP, or they need training for using it. Issues faced by them, could be Internet service, lack of technological knowledge or they might be not aware of QR Code.

Sansara ki wad maya , the oldest Sanskrit language is relevant even in the present day. Considering the speed with which the flow of time is changing its direction, sometimes it It seems that our Sanskrit literature is losing its relevance and the great storm of change is affecting our literature as well but the field of Sanskrit literature is very wide and wide. The stream of literature continues to flow unbroken till today. Due to the wide nature of Sanskrit literature, it paves the way for all economic, political, religious, literary, artistic and philosophical advancements of human beings. The values of life enunciated in Sanskrit literature related to the spirit of free and universal brotherhood and equality are the ones that lead human beings to climb the ladder of advancement.

In the current global scenario, many changes are taking place, giving great emphasis in the direction of development of knowledge. The impact of democracy is being seen in this field of knowledge and education. By looking at the global stage, it is seen that democracy is prevalent in all countries and democracy has its right. Knowledge is working to continue the development and expansion of these democratic trends. The system of democracy in India came into force when the Indian Constitution was passed on the eve of independence in 1947. From this moment of change and independence to the present time, the Guru of knowledge has been at his best, playing a role as a social reformer from time to time. In which he could properly demonstrate the path of knowledge to his students and the public. Democracy is the best system of society in which equal opportunities are provided to every individual to improve themselves in the society by focusing on the differences of religion, caste, gender etc. According to this system, every person is progressing towards personal and social development and improvement according to his skills and abilities.

In this research paper, it has been mentioned that the transition from 20th century to 21st century is globalization, liberalization, privatization, commercialization and consumer culture. ) (although these words are substitutes for each other) A new height is emerging with the declaration of immortality. Government and aided schools are in a bad condition due to privatisation. Officials of teachers' unions go to sign in those schools. Inadequate condition of laboratories, libraries, etc. in schools. Ta mein see you. People feel that schools should be privatized due to these conditions.

Practice makes a man perfect. A doctor practises. A lawyer practises. As such both are not perfect. Both of them try to acquire perfection through practice. Thus they practise with imperfect knowledge. As a result many patients die and many clients lose their suits.

Procrastination is a prevalent and detrimental form of self-regulatory failure that is not entirely understood. Procrastination is a prevalent and problematic phenomenon that has mostly been studied in the domain of academic behaviour. The present study is focusing on different developmental age groups i.e. adolescents, young adults and middle adults in reasons for procrastination. Procrastination is the act of unnecessarily postponing decisions or actions. Procrastination involves unnecessary and unwanted delay, be it decisional, implemental, or lack of timeliness (lay, 1986; McCown et al., 1989; Mann et al., Steel, 2010). This research aims at studying the comparison of reasons for procrastination among adolescents, young adults and middle adults. The purposive sampling technique was used to select 150 samples consisting of adolescents (13-19 years), young adults (20-30 years) and middle adults (31-55 years) from the western suburbs of Mumbai. The data collected was analyzed. Statistical measures such as mean scores, T-test and MANOVA tests were used to analyze data. The major findings of the study were that adolescents are dreamers and defiers, young adults are perfectionists and crisis makers, middle adults are perfectionists, over doers and worriers in types of procrastination. The two major reasons which were found to be the major causes of procrastination i.e. Fear of failure and lack of self-control. It was found adolescents fall into the category of lack of self-control whereas young and middle adults fall into the category of fear of failure in reasons of procrastination. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that procrastination has been found in each developmental age group.

Although there has been an increase in the number of students studying in the country, there is no denying that there is some question mark over the quality of education. There are 40,000 colleges and more than 800 universities in the country. However, the proportion of higher education in student enrollment as compared to primary and secondary education is 26.3 per cent in 2018 and now the new education policy aims to increase it to at least 50 per cent by 2035. As many points of the 1986 Education Policy have not been completed in the last 34 years, it has been pointed out that there is room for improvement in some of the issues that are incomplete by reviewing them. Each country is working to formulate its own education policy based on its own social, political and cultural criteria to make education more effective at different levels of education. When we accept that there will be educational change, a clear strategy in education as a whole is to consider what the future might hold. In the end, it is equally true that the future of education determines the future of the country. Recently, the Government of India has said that there will be major changes in the Indian education system, meaning that the recommendations will be implemented in practice, taking into account the recommendations of experts when announcing a new education policy. Considering this changing educational policy, this paper will try to shed light on how the various policies announced in the education system will have an impact in the future. Although a small part of the overall educational transformation is small, this research

Islam preaches total social harmony which includes religious harmony that the whole world needs. Despite our age of information, geographical unification of countries and internationalisation of learning and economics, the world badly requires a strong movement to dispel aggression in the name of race and creed. Islam provides an excellent model implemented by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and proved of its practicality. What the world needs today-perhaps more than anything else- is an acceptable formula for the attainment of religious harmony. This being currently one of the most important topics under discussion, I shall attempt to present here, in brief, the Islamic viewpoint.