Credit cooperatives, played a crucial role in the channeling of institutional credit to agriculture with a multi-agency approach along with commercial banks and regional rural banks to disburse credit in rural and urban areas. The present study investigates the performance of the primary agric ultural credit cooperative societies, analyses the different phases of growth and distribution of PACS credit, and understands the multiple dimensions of the phenomenon of crops and social groups in Maharashtra. The loan advance amount increased year after year but decreased in the COVID pandemic year, with more than 50 percent of the total credit disbursed to the Pune and Nashik divisions and far less to the Kokan division. There is an imbalance in credit distribution in the state. Further, SCs and STs Members receive only an average of 5 percent of the society's credit.

The present study is an attempt to know the effect of ICT on the environment of school and learning. The objectives of this study were to study the impact of ICT on the school environment and to study the impact of ICT on the learning environment. Cross-sectional research design has been used in this study. Survey method of descriptive research has been used in this study. Multistage sampling technique has been employed at different phases. At the first phase four districts of Himachal Pradesh were selected randomly by lottery method. At second stage fifteen blocks were selected. At third stage forty two senior secondary schools were selected. At fourth stage the researcher selected 42 Heads/Principals for the present research work. Findings showed that the first and foremost impact of ICT on the school environment is that it has increased contact with education office, which is followed by increased use of ICT to generate MIS, increased presence among peer schools-SMART school, increased use of ICT for administration, child tracking, database, library and school activities, increased collaboration with other schools and increased online sharing and collaboration through academic portals. It has also been found that computer education is helpful in attracting the children towards government schools and there is improvement in students learning environment due to computer.

The advancement of information communication technology (ICT) and its usability in the educational system have brought many changes. It is not only impacting upon library and information services but also influences the roles and expectations of librarians in the field of disseminating services using the latest computer gadgets in a quicker and faster manner. Librarians are currently more talented and techno-savvy in handling digital resources and institutional databases. They provide jobs like e-resources, guiding users in the maximum utilization of resources and providing assistance through plagiarism checks. The traditional working librarians are facing day-to-day problems and upgrading their service-providing pattern drastically and facing challenges adapting them to a new situation in their job routine life. Rapid environmental changes affect library and information professionals' professionalism, like job opportunities, role-playing, self-image, and motivational factors. So, librarians must find a solution in their timely role of claiming and repositioning their workplace. It is undoubtedly a big project to solve this problem without denying using the sixth sense to assess new parts in time. As we believe in information technology and telecommunications networking to increase the corresponding knowledge and rapid accessibility of resources for the rapid development in all fields, it is required to be competent in developing skills in accessing, processing, and using information. It is an ongoing learning process depending upon the curious attitude of the library professionals to tackle the present situation and prove them as needed tools for a complete revolution in the educational system.

Prof. (Dr) S. K. Chahal is presently working as Professor and Chairman, in the Department of History, at Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra. He is holding charge of the prestigious ‘Mahatma Jotirao Phule Chair’ in his university which is the only chair after the name of Mahatma Jotirao Govindrao Phule as of now. Through his excellent book, the author attempted to resolve the complicated question of Hindu social reform, which remains an unresolved problem and is a serious hindrance to India's nation-building.

Dissolution of romantic relationships is a predominant and challenging phenomenon that has mostly been studied in the domain of academic behavior. This research aims at studying the comparison of the success of romantic relationships, and the impact created by the dissolution of romantic relationships on the social and emotional wellbeing of males and females during late adolescence. Simple random sampling and convenient sampling techniques were used to select 100 samples (50 males and 50 females) of late adolescents (17-19 years) from the state of Delhi. The data collected was analyzed using statistical measures such as mean scores, T-test, and standard deviation. The major findings of the study were that there is a difference in the success of romantic relationships between males and females, i.e. females have more successfully completed romantic relationships than males during late adolescence, social well-being of males and females is somewhere equally affected by the dissolution of romantic relationships during late adolescence, and emotional well-being is also somewhere equally affected by the dissolution of romantic relationships during late adolescence with a minor difference in the mean scores. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the effect of dissolution of romantic relationships on the social and emotional well-being of males and females during late adolescence is equivalent but the success of romantic relationships is more among females during late adolescence.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the Active Engagement Teaching Programme (AETP) and Traditional Teaching method in Geography on the achievement of the student of Ninth standard one school from a Marathi medium selected school. The Active Engagement Teaching Programme (AETP) was based on ARCS motivational model which was prepared by John Keller. The experimental method was used for the study to see the effectiveness of Active Engagement Teaching Programme(AETP). The AETP was developed by the researcher. The purposive sampling method was used to select sixty students who are learning in the Ninth standard from one of the Marathi medium school in the rural area of Satara Taluka. The achievement test was prepared and administered by the researcher. The achievement test scores data was interpreted by using Mean, S.D., and t-value. The students were found better learning through Active Engagement Teaching Programme (AETP) than the traditional way of teaching method. The achievement score of students in Geography was high in the experimental group than in the control group where the students were taught by the traditional method of teaching

COVID-19 pandemic had affected every sector in the world. The health crisis became crisis for many sectors. Education in India is one such sector which was badly affected. There was worldwide lockdown during this pandemic. It affected learners in India and world. There were around 32 Crore learners who badly suffered due to pandemic lockdown. All activities came to stand-still or stopped. It was worldwide crisis. New changes came in educational instructions and media. It was a kind of revolution and transformation in the field of Indian education. This paper brings out these new modes of instructions adopted in India. This paper tells about Government of India measures to provide education in the country. Both positive and negative impacts of COVID-19 on education are stated and suggestions are provided. This was a novel experiment in India to face and overcome difficulties in Corona-pandemic situation.

The slow and gradual changes in the corporate world have given rise to the concept of corporate sustainability. In the modern era, liberalization, privatization and globalization have raised the level of competition for almost every business sector. Only performance and making money is not just enough but due importance needs to be given to social and environmental issues i.e. not only doing well but also doing good. Corporate sustainability is an attempt to create long term stakeholder value by focusing on ethical, social, environmental, cultural and economic aspect while conducting business. Corporate sustainability is an approach that brings about change to reduce the negative impact of business on the people, planet and profit. These are considered to be the three pillars of corporate sustainability i.e. Social, Environmental and Economic performance

College libraries always play a vibrant role in teaching-learning, research, and other college activities. Various challenges are faced by college libraries, including the development of technologies, ongoing budget cuts, and the changing demands of learning, teaching, and research. It also includes a vast increase in the number and forms of publications, prices of information sources which have increased rapidly daily, etc. There are drastic changes in how they create, use and maintain scholarly materials and have become providers of electronic resources and places where physical collections can be accessed and used. The methods and ways of storing, organizing, analysing, and retrieving information and information sources have also been affected due to constant changes in technologies. Therefore, the is an urgent need to use promotional approaches and use of outreach techniques that will ensure that scarce resources and services match customer needs for the most significant impact have been adopted in the libraries. Another way to cope up with the challenges is the re-engineering of college libraries. It is essential to develop the economy in library activities using different technologies and fulfil users' needs. It should be done by satisfying user needs, optimum utilization of resources acquired, and job satisfaction to staff or the college libraries to survive in a technologically advanced world and can be able to offer a "visible, identifiable and physical image." In this article, the researcher has discussed the various challenges faced by the college libraries, the different promotional approaches, and the use of outreach techniques, including re-engineering of libraries, which can be used to achieve the library's goal to provide better services to its users.

The current paper highlights the effects of yoga on athlete or sportsperson to improving and helping to boost the performance. Pranayama is the part of yoga, ‘Pran’ means life force and ‘Ayam’ means regulation. Pranayama hold the 10 types each type improve the different function of body. In India we are practicing of yoga and pranayama from the ancient time. Kabaddi is body contact team game performing by the seven players of each team. The offensive and defensive skills perfume by the kabaddi players. With the regular practice of kabaddi we add types of pranayama to see the difference in performances of kabaddi players.

This study focused on the compare two government district public libraries in Maharashtra that is situated in the district of solapur and latur. Latur is situated in the region of Marathwada and Sambhajinagar in the state of Maharashtra. The government district libraries located at the place of Maharashtra each district & Palghar is one of the districts there are not government district public library available. In the state of Maharashtra palghar is newly originated district which is originated is separately in the year of 2014.The government district library known as the district library officer’s office. There is present one librarian who worked as a district library officer. This research paper focused on the comparative study of Solapur and Latur government district public library in Maharashtra state.

In this era of digitalization and globalization, we often come across several social evils. Moreover we hear and read about the increase in crime rates by children. Children want to fulfil their own interest even at the cost of harming others. Parents hardly have time to imbibe values in children. In this situation the other source of information for children is mass media. Since they are confused about what is right and wrong they get easily carried away by the media. In this scenario where lack of values creates a lot of perplexity in the minds of the children, it becomes very crucial to impart value based education to children at school. This will not only help the children to develop right values but also stand for what is right and build a good character. The present article highlights the importance for value based education in this 21st century.

This research is to find out the perception of Students towards Peer Tutoring in learning of Economics Subject. The views and perceptive of students with regards to peer-to-peer learning. It is important to get their feedback and suggestions. Peer Tutoring is a new concept and it is very creative, innovative strategy. Students can learn to work in groups and teachers can be facilitators. Tutors and tutees can bond with each other and learn Economics effectively. It is a method of group learning and can enhance the performance of the students and create interest towards the subject. Peer Tutoring is very useful in the classroom as it increases the self-confidence of the students and enhances their academic performance. This study attempts to understand the students’ perception towards peer tutoring strategy

In the middle of the nineteenth century railway, as a means of public transport was introduced in India by the colonial government. The railways were built through public-private enterprise from 1849-69, wherein the railway was constructed by the private railway companies with a guarantee of 5% interest given by the government. In return, the government reserved to itself the power of supervision and control on the working of the railways, including rates and fares. Bombay Baroda Central India Railway (henceforth referred to as BB&CIR) was one such guaranteed company in the Bombay Presidency. This paper seeks to delve into the influence of the passengers’ fares on the demand for the railway by the public and consequently its impact on the earnings of the BB&CI Railway during the first ten years of its operation from 1860-1870. Also, it attempts to probe into the approach of the railway company and the government towards the passengers’ fares. This paper is primarily based on rich archival material excerpted from the Maharashtra State Archive and is supplemented with secondary sources.

Work-life-balance has evidently becomes the most complex issue going through women professionals in any sector. Maintaining optimal balance persuades most favourable working hours that eventually increases effectiveness. Conversely, imbalance in women’s work-life might bring about absenteeism, turnover rate, and discontent with job, lack of work commitment and disorders like trauma, hypertension, and stroke in certain set of circumstances. Researches related to women’s work-life balance in manufacturing sector are limited. The study throws new light on the perceptive of the previous circumstances of work–life balance and has specific implications for organizations who desire to promote a culture that respects work–life balance across all career phases for all women employees. The study reinforces the perceived significance of balance between both career and individual aspects of women employee’s life to facilitate greater success to be accomplished in every aspect of life – including career matters.