Women empowerment can be achieved through various means, providing girls and women with access to quality education helps empower them by expanding their knowledge, skills, and opportunities for personal and professional development. Ensuring equal access to economic resources, such as employment, credit, land ownership, and entrepreneurship opportunities, allows women to achieve financial independence and contribute to household and community well-being. Implementing laws and policies that promote gender equality, protect women's rights, and address issues such as gender-based violence, discrimination, and equal pay can help empower women and create a more equitable society.

The present research paper focuses on main causes of low-level of food availability and lack of health facilities. Today's world is divided into three types of nation like developed nation, underdeveloped nation and developing nation. Poverty on a global scale was discovered after the Second World War before 1940, it was not an issue. World Bank published the report in 1948-49 and highlighted the word poverty problem in 1953. Ragnar Nurkse analyzed the the poverty trap is a like "A country is poor because it is poor" it means a power man may not have enough to eat; being underfed its health may be weak. Being physically weak, its working capacity is low which means that it is poor which in turn means that it will not have enough to eat; and so on. Key words: Poverty, Health and food challenges, population, financial supply, husbandry, quality production, NITI Aayog, standard of living, poverty line.

Article 370, enshrined in the Indian Constitution in 1949, was a unique provision that accorded special status to Jammu and Kashmir, enabling the state to maintain its own constitution, flag, and autonomy over internal affairs. This arrangement stemmed from the region's complex accession to India in 1947 amid geopolitical tensions involving India, Pakistan, and China. The provision was revoked on August 5, 2019, by the Government of India, sparking widespread debate over its constitutional validity, political motivations, and socio-economic consequences. This paper aims to analyze the objectives of Article 370, its historical evolution, and the ramifications of its abrogation, employing a multidisciplinary approach that integrates legal, political, and social perspectives.

Elders contribute to the well being, cultural richness, and social fabric of the community. They bring wisdom and experience, guiding community, decision making and problem solving. They also serve as keep us of cultural traditions, history and values, ensuring the preservation and transmission of these to younger generations. Elders are natural mentors, offering guidance and support to individuals of all ages. They have a deep sense of responsibility for the community. Students and educational institutions can significantly contribute to the elderly by engaging in various activities such as community service, intergenerational programs, health promotion, technology assistance and creating and elderly friendly campus environment. This activities faster social responsibility, empathy and intergenerational connection, benefiting both students and the elderly population. Additionally, students can become advocate for the elderly by organising awareness campaigns on ageing, elder abuse and creating age friendly communities. By actively involving students in various activities, educational institutions can nurture social responsible and compassionate individuals who will carry this values into their community and future professions.

Environmental imbalance has become a matter of greatest concern today. Earth is a precious gift from nature to humans. As long as there is a natural environment on earth, human beings can survive. Due to increasing pollution and other reasons, climate change has become a major crisis. The effects of this change in many areas are coming to light. Its impact on agriculture is a matter to be seriously considered. Climate is one of the most important factors in geography and has the greatest impact on human life. No matter how much science has progressed, it has not been able to make discoveries that can reduce the impact of climate change.

This article addresses the relationship between climate change and contract farming, focusing on its growing prevalence in Marathwada region. The expansion of contract farming in these areas has sparked divided and often ideological discussions in academic literature. A prevailing microeconomic viewpoint suggests that contract farming can be mutually beneficial for both agribusinesses and smallholder farmers. However, this perspective tends to overlook the exploitation experienced by rural households. Existing research fails to adequately consider the broader agricultural landscapes in which contract farming takes place. There is limited understanding of how different households, situated in diverse contexts, participate in contract farming, and how this impacts their future livelihoods. This article challenges conventional perspectives by critically examining contract farming, rural livelihoods, and agricultural transformation in the Marathwada district. The central research question explores: How is contract farming implemented in Marathwada region, and what are its implications for patterns of benefits and disadvantages?

Despite significant economic growth and poverty alleviation initiatives, poverty remains a persistent challenge in India. This research paper aims to identify and analyse the key factors contributing to the inability to alleviate poverty in the country. Through a comprehensive review of literature and empirical evidence, in this paper i explores various socioeconomic, political, and structural barriers that hinder poverty alleviation efforts. Additionally, I examine the role of government policies, sociocultural dynamics, and global economic factors in perpetuating poverty. My findings suggest that a complex interplay of factors such as unequal distribution of resources, inadequate access to education and healthcare, corruption, ineffective implementation of welfare schemes, population growth, and vulnerability to natural disasters contribute to the persistence of poverty in India. The paper concludes with recommendations for policy makers to address these underlying challenges and promote sustainable poverty reduction in India.

This research paper investigates the impact of self-help groups (SHGs) on women’s empowerment in India. It delves into the historical context, formation, functioning, and outcomes of SHGs, with a particular focus on how these groups have contributed to socio-economic development and empowerment of women in the Indian context. The paper explores the challenges faced by women in India, the role of SHGs in addressing these challenges, and the policy implications for sustaining and expanding the success of such initiatives.

Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy. Around 58% population of India depends on agriculture. India rank second worldwide in farm output. In India agriculture contributes about 16% of total GDP and 10% of total exports. The present research paper covers the agriculture in Marathwada region, soil quality, which crops are produced in this region, and impact of climate change on agriculture and farmers, and farmers suicide.

Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy. Around 58% population of India depends on agriculture. India rank second worldwide in farm output. In India agriculture contributes about 16% of total GDP and 10% of total exports. The present research paper covers the agriculture in Marathwada region, soil quality, which crops are produced in this region, and impact of climate change on agriculture and farmers, and farmers suicide.

Education brings about knowledge and a reduction in gender bias which functions as a means of improving the status of women within the family and the community. Education is thus the foundation of women empowerment. After 34 years, there is a change in the education policy in India with the introduction of the New Education Policy 2020 (NEP). This new policy aims at universalization of education in India with 100% gross enrolment ratio by 2030 for school education and 50% by 2035 for higher education. The first such move as the formation of a Gender Inclusion Fund toward equitable education for girls who are underprivileged and creating Special Education Zones is included in the provision. NEP 2020 emphasizes upon inculcating Inclusive educational structure and inclusive educational culture in our school education system through infrastructural support and by making corresponding changes in curriculum incorporating materials on human values such as respect for all persons, empathy, tolerance, human rights, gender equality, non - violence, global citizenship, inclusion, and equity. It calls upon the stakeholders to overcome the barriers and remove biases and stereotypes through sensitization programme. The policy aims to promote inclusion, bringing out equity and developing respect for diversity through developing understanding about various cultures, religions, languages, gender identities, etc. among children, teachers and other school functionaries. Implementing of policy will result in empowerment of stake holders through efficient manner of resourcing and more robust and improved governance and monitoring mechanism with cooperation and support across schools for the education of children with disabilities and SEDGs.

This paper aims to give a new set of integrated poverty and inequality estimates for India and Indian states for 1987-88, 1993-94 and 1999-2000. The poverty estimates are roughly consistent with independent substantiation on per capita expenditure, state domestic product and real agricultural wages. They demonstrate that poverty decline in the 1990s preceded more or less in line with earlier trends. Regional disparities increased in the 1990s, with the southern and western regions doing much better than the northern and eastern regions. Economic inequality also increased within states, especially within urban areas, and between urban and rural areas. We momentarily observe other development indicators, relating for instance to health and education. Most indicators have continued to improve in the nineties, but social progress has followed very diverse patterns, ranging from accelerated progress in some fields to slow down and even regression in others. We find no support for sweeping claims that the nineties have been a period of ‘unprecedented improvement’ or ‘widespread impoverishment’

Empowering women is essential for sustainable development as it fosters economic growth, social progress, and political stability. This research paper explores the theoretical framework of sustainable development and the pivotal role of gender equality within it. Historical context illustrates the struggles and achievements in women's empowerment, while empirical evidence demonstrates the positive correlation between women's empowerment and economic development. Furthermore, the paper delves into the social dimensions of women's empowerment, including health, education, and political participation. Drawing on case studies and examples, it highlights successful initiatives and identifies challenges in implementing women empowerment strategies. The paper concludes with policy implications, emphasizing the need for integrating gender perspectives into development policies and fostering international cooperation. Ultimately, it underscores the imperative of empowering women as a catalyst for achieving sustainable development goals.

Women empowerment is a multifaceted concept encompassing social, economic, and political dimensions. This abstract explores the progress made and the persistent challenges faced in achieving gender equality and empowering women globally. Progress: Over the past decades, significant strides have been made towards advancing women's rights and opportunities. Legal reforms, educational initiatives, and advocacy efforts have increased women's access to education, healthcare, and employment. Challenges: Despite progress, women continue to face formidable challenges that hinder their empowerment. Gender-based discrimination and violence remain pervasive, limiting women's autonomy and well-being. Economic disparities persist, to low-wage jobs and facing barriers to entrepreneurship and financial independence. Understanding these challenges requires a nuanced approach that addresses the intersecting factors of gender, race, class, and geography. Intersectional analyses reveal disparities experienced by marginalized groups of women, highlighting the need for targeted interventions and inclusive policies.

AN INTERDISCIPLINARY ROLL OF WOMEN’S IN THE NEW EDUCATION POLICY Dr. Sonawane Satish Waman & Dr. Sarsare Shyam Madhukarrao The education is the heart of UNESCO’s mission to make peace, eradicate poverty and establish sustainable development at world-wide. All the nations across the globe especially in Asia-Pacific region which are facing challenges in the field of education to education outcomes, such sort of challenges including shortage of teachers, lower quality of teacher education and low standards of the teaching profession. The global education development agenda reflected in the Goal 4 (SDG4) of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by India in 2015 - seeks to “ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all” by 2030. Such a lofty goal will require the entire education system to be reconfigured to support and foster learning, so that all of the critical targets and goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development can be achieved.

The paper clarifies poverty and how it emerged in India. This article provides an overview of the reasons India remains impoverished, despite the fact that poverty has not been completely abolished in our nation. The mindset of the impoverished is closely linked to the significant effects that poverty has on health and education. Despite having numerous social policies, this article explains what precisely India lacks and concludes with a brief overview of the country's current state of affairs

This study evinces that women with the development of education and family support take conscious efforts to step out of the stereotypical woman status in traditional domestic folds. It is obvious that in recent years, Indian women have attended a huge progress in job placements and thereby, the employed women financially support their families. Now a days some owns are get good responsibility of the demographical and entrepreneurs successful. The educational support confidence among women to venture into entrepreneurship. The government of India recognizes the role of women entrepreneurs in economic development but, not yet sufficient step has to be taken promote women entrepreneurship.

The concept of women empowerment has garnered significant attention over the past several decades as an essential element for social development. Women empowerment involves enabling women to make choices, control their lives, access opportunities, and participate in decision-making at various levels. This paper explores the role of higher education in promoting women empowerment in India, focusing on the University Grants Commission (UGC) norms. It discusses the current status of women in India, both in terms of legal rights and access to education, as well as the barriers that still exist in achieving true gender equality. The paper also reviews the measures taken by the UGC and government to empower women, particularly in academic settings. Through an in-depth analysis of policies, programs, and institutional practices, this research examines how the UGC has shaped the academic landscape for women and explores the challenges that remain in achieving full empowerment

In today’s Changing scenario with respect of every facet that plays a pivotal role in developing economy. Similarly, the epoch making aspect that is promoting entrepreneurship especially in a country like India where the ratio of undertaking entrepreneurial activities is somewhat disappointed due to unchanging attitude of policy makers towards upheaval in sector of entrepreneurship. As the time is surpassing expeditiously to develop economy more or less seeming improved. Innovation would be one of the key element that can bring the sea change in developing economy by all means. Nonetheless, it would have a particular class either men or women, the paucity seems a lot in olden days. The data which carried out from various sources related to women entrepreneurship especially in MSME was looks like very upset in manner. There is only 9% women from Maharashtra participated in entrepreneurial activity so the gap of disseminating information in respect to encouraging women is relatively high and constructive in nature. The aims of study is to promote women in large manner to undertake MSME activities which is in true manner impossible due to stringent policies about starting industries at the beginning. From the reports of Maharashtra state MSME department, they employs 24% of women enable to empower in the sector of MSME. Though the Maharashtra has highest number of MSME as per the report of Ministry of MSMEs of India, despite only few number of women showing keen interest for taking participation in start-up. The study is descriptive in nature, the data collected completely from the secondary sources to know the disappointment in this field of MSME.

THE STUDY OF POVERTY AND HEALTH IN INDIA Prof. Yadav J. B. Health is now higher on the international agenda than ever before, and concern for the health of poor people is becoming a central issue in development. The nations of the world have agreed that enjoying the highest attainable standard of health is one of the fundamental rights of every human being without distinction of race, religion, political belief and economic or social condition.1 Beyond its intrinsic value for individuals, improving and protecting health is also central to overall human development and to the reduction of poverty. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), derived from the UN Millennium Declaration, commit countries to halving extreme income poverty and to achieving improvements in health by 2015.2 three of the eight goals are health related, calling for a two-thirds reduction in child mortality, a three-quarters reduction in maternal mortality, and a halt to the spread of HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis. In addition the eighth goal, redeveloping a global partnership for development, calls for developing countries to have access to affordable essential drugs.

MILLETS PRODUCTION FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY Dr. Yogesh A. Borade Millet is grain that is mainly consumed in many parts of the world and is a main food in Africa and Asia. According to the World Food Programme, there are an estimated 1.2 billion people who consume millet as part of their diet. The majority of the millet production in the world is in Africa, followed by Asia Millets have been identify by various names, such as “Mota Annaj,” “Nutri-cereals,” “coarse cereals,” and “cereals of the poor”. The latest addition to this list of names is “Shree Ann—the mother of all grains,” coined by the Finance Minister of India, Mrs. Nirmala Sithraman, during her budget speech on February 1, 2023, and also announced that the Indian Institute of Millets Research (IIMR) at Hyderabad would be converted to the Centre of Excellence.In Indian millets are a group of nutritiously rich and drought-tolerant plants and are mostly found in the arid and semiarid regions of India. They are small seeded grass belonging to the botanical family “Poaceae ” and are an important source of food and fodder for millions of resource-poor farmers and play an important role in the economic security of India. In 2018, India declared millets as “Nutri-cereals” and introduced them in “Poshan Abhiyaan” in an effort to alleviate malnutrition and micronutrient deficiency among the poor. This emphasis on millets led to increased production (27% growth) of millets in 2021–2022.

The Marathwada Region of Maharashtra is semi-arid region which impact the livelihood of farmers. The extent and consequences of irregular rainfall patterns on agricultural productivity and socio-economic condition of farmers in the region these all examined by the study. By using rainfall data, crop production data and their analysis this study identifies key challenges faced by farmers including crop failure, water scarcity and financial distress. There is a need for robust climate resilient policies, improved water management strategies and drought resistance crops. The research contributes to the discourse on climate change and agricultural sustainability, offering policy recommendations to enhance the resilience of farmers in Marathwada Region.

Ecofeminism emphasized on relation or interconnection of nature and woman. Nature has been played role like a woman so it is described as feminine. Nature and women both have similar qualities one among all is to give, to give and to give without any expectation. Present research paper tries to study the interconnection of nature and women in Perumal Murugan’s novel Madhorubagan, first published in 2010, later translated to English with the title One Part Woman. In 2016, Sahitya Academy Award was given to this novel .One Part Woman focusses on the false beliefs, customs, unwanted believes and rituals which disturbs the society, can destroy everyone’s life. Ponna, and Kali lovable couple become the victim of cultural practices. Culture and social practices are relevant to the social order as in our society social order means social status is depended on the word Male. Patriarchal society is influential in every field even in family matters like having children, in that again male or female.

“Women's empowerment is a crucial aspect of achieving gender equality and fostering social progress. This article explores the various dimensions of women's empowerment, including economic, social, political, legal, and psychological aspects. It provides a historical perspective on feminist movements and highlights the current global and national status of women, with a specific focus on India. The article also examines persistent challenges such as gender-based violence, economic constraints, and social barriers. Finally, it discusses strategies for enhancing women's empowerment through policy reforms, education, economic opportunities, social change, and technological advancements. By addressing these issues, society can move toward a more equitable and inclusive future for women.’.

Climate change has emerged as one of the most pressing global challenges, significantly affecting agricultural productivity. In India, where agriculture plays a critical role in the economy and provides livelihoods to a large segment of the population, the impact of climate change is particularly profound. This paper examines the effects of climate change on agricultural productivity in India and its broader economic implications. It explores key factors such as temperature variations, changes in precipitation patterns, and the increasing frequency of extreme weather events. The study also highlights potential adaptation strategies to mitigate the economic risks posed by climate change on the agricultural sector.