The gig economy has reoriented the career trajectory of workers to provide them with a degree of flexibility and independence and, on the other hand, financial instability. This study integrates evidence from various research articles, including "Adapting to the Gig Economy: Determinants of Financial Resilience Among Giggers" (ScienceDirect, 2024), "Evaluating Financial Fragility" (2024), "Financial Flexibility, Firm Performance, and Financial Distress" (ScienceDirect, 2024), and "National Survey of Mental Health and Life Satisfaction of Gig Workers" (BMJ Open, 2024). The primary findings suggest that financial literacy, access to credit, and economic resilience are primary areas in constructing the financial resilience of gig workers. Nonetheless, despite facing the adversity of irregular income, exclusion from social security, and high financial exposure, they remain vulnerable to several threats. Evidence from quantitative sources points to gig workers using multiple platforms as a source of income stabilization. Yet, these workers lack provisions for retirement planning and even emergency savings. The study also places into light the psychological costs attached to financial insecurity, saying that poor economic conditions are linked to a negative facet of more serious mental health problems. In order to address these issues, the study recommends policy reforms, financial technology innovations, and programs for financial literacy enhancement. By integrating the provisions for financial sustainability with labor market reforms, this study contributes to the building of a more resilient and inclusive gig economy.

The expansion of the gig economy has significantly transformed traditional employment patterns, presenting both opportunities and challenges for students entering the workforce. As the labor market increasingly shifts towards flexible, task-oriented roles, it is imperative for students to acquire essential skills to navigate this evolving landscape successfully. This research employs a qualitative methodology, collecting original data through surveys and in-depth interviews with student freelancers and gig workers. The study investigates critical competencies, including digital literacy, an entrepreneurial mindset, financial acumen, and networking skills. Findings indicate that flexibility and self-management are crucial for effectively managing multiple gigs, while proficiency in digital platforms enhances employment prospects. Furthermore, a comprehensive understanding of legal aspects such as contracts, taxation, and worker protections is essential for achieving long-term success. This research contributes to the discourse surrounding the evolving job market by elucidating how students can thrive in gig work, thereby promoting career stability and financial independence in an increasingly digital workforce.

This paper explores the critical role of Information Technology (IT) in the gig economy, focusing on how IT facilitates connections between workers and employers through digital platforms. By analyzing case studies of platforms like Uber, TaskRabbit, and Fiverr, the study demonstrates how IT supports key gig economy functions, such as job matching, payment processing, communication, and data analytics. The findings suggest that IT enhances operational efficiency, real-time interactions, secure transactions, and flexible working environments. The paper also discusses how advancements in AI and blockchain technology can further improve the efficiency and fairness of the gig economy, addressing issues like income instability and worker protection.

The gig economy in India has seen remarkable growth since 2020, fuelled by rapid digital transformation, the proliferation of platform-based employment, and shifting labour market trends. This study examines the socio-economic consequences of this evolving work structure, analysing its benefits and challenges. While the gig economy has expanded job opportunities and promoted flexibility, concerns regarding job security, income instability, and inadequate social protection remain prominent. This paper evaluates labour market trends, wage disparities, and policy frameworks impacting gig workers. Utilizing both qualitative and quantitative data, the study highlights the pressing need for regulatory reforms to balance economic growth with worker rights. Recommendations are provided to ensure sustainable employment policies that protect gig workers while fostering a dynamic digital workforce.

“Gig Economy” is the most consequential development in the professional sphere. Being much discussed phenomenon gig economy attracts significant attention and controversy in the world. It is described as use of digital platforms to provide on-demand services, freelance workers on their requests, to elaborate with work arrangements temporarily, perform predetermined fixed term tasks. Emerging rapidly, gig economy deserves to be a subject of employment relations, future work, whether academic analysis is needed. The increasing pressure of corporate life is making this choice more attractive for countless employees globally. Currently innovative digital platforms like Airbnb, Uber are establishing larger, more transparent, and more efficient markets to link freelancers with clients seeking their service. In this paper, we would sketch the emergence of adopting and understanding of ‘gig work relation’, the indicative questions that needs to be addressed for advancement of future work.

his study aims to investigate the recognition of revenue in Indian gig businesses, the role of principal-agent classification, and the impact of variable consideration and bundled services. Supported by secondary data, the research explores the application of current accounting standards, particularly Ind AS 115 and any other standard apply to gig economy businesses such as Ola, Swiggy, Zomato, and Urban Company which facilitate millions of transactions daily between service providers and customers through various payment modes. It further explores regulatory gaps and proposes updates to better align accounting standards with India’s rapidly evolving digital economy. The study also highlights challenge in revenue recognition, tax implications, and the need for a comprehensive regulatory framework.

The gig economy has revolutionised the way business operate, with a growing number of individuals engaging in freelance, contract, or temporary work. Digital marketing has emerged as a crucial component of success in the economy. This paper exposes the emerging trends in digital marketing within the gig economy, examining how businesses are leveraging digital platforms to reach customers, promote services, and build their brand. The findings of the study contribute to our understanding of the role of digital marketing in the gig economy, providing insights for businesses, marketers, and policymakers seeking to navigate this rapidly evolving landscape. As competition intensifies, digital marketing has emerged as a critical factor in enabling gig economy workers to stand out, attract clients, and build sustainable businesses. This research examines the impact of digital marketing on the gig economy, exploring how freelancers, entrepreneurs, and small businesses can leverage digital channels to achieve their goals. By investigating the latest digital marketing trends, tools, and strategies, this study provides actionable insights for gig economy workers seeking to enhance their online presence, expand their customer base, and drive long-term success.

Contemporary employment structures are experiencing a radical transformation as temporary contractual arrangements and freelance opportunities increasingly displace conventional permanent positions. This paradigm shift stems from three primary catalysts: digital innovation, changing occupational expectations among modern workers, and macroeconomic constraints. While offering novel employment pathways, this transition simultaneously introduces complex socioeconomic dilemmas that demand scholarly attention. Our investigation delineates the operational framework of this emerging labor model, evaluates its societal ramifications, and underscores the necessity for progressive policymaking.

The rise of digital platforms has transformed employment dynamics, creating opportunities in the gig economy for commerce graduates. Digital entrepreneurship offers flexibility, independence, and global market access. However, challenges such as income instability, lack of social security, and competition persist. This research paper explores secondary data sources to analyze trends, skills, and career prospects for commerce graduates in the gig economy. It also examines how educational institutions and policy frameworks can support digital entrepreneurship. The findings emphasize the importance of integrating digital skills into commerce curricula to prepare students for evolving employment landscapes.

The emergence of the gig economy has altered traditional employment models, presenting new difficulties in safeguarding social security for gig workers. Unlike traditional employees, gig workers frequently do not have access to vital benefits such as health coverage, retirement plans, and unemployment insurance. The lack of established legal frameworks in numerous countries has left them financially exposed, with minimal employer contributions towards social security. Although some governments and platforms have developed optional programs, these solutions fall short of providing long-term financial security. There is an urgent need for policy changes and self-contribution systems to close this gap. This research examines current social security provisions, identifies obstacles, and proposes policy recommendations to improve protections for gig workers worldwide.

The MSME sector is a key contributor to the national economy, the largest employer, and a hub for entrepreneurship and skill advancement. It argues that with MSMEs extant capabilities in a youthful demography and skill development potential, India can be at the centre of gig economy and become the world’s skill or talent capital besides leveraging the potential of new technologies for closing its development gaps. The study with descriptive data examines the role of gig workers in influencing India’s gig economic future, this research attempts to fully comprehend the intricacies of the MSMEs & India's gig economy, its ability to lower youth unemployment, and the necessity of technological inclusion. . On the other hand, the study's conclusions, the use of gig workers who are competent and innovative for MSMEs giving them a competitive advantage and the opportunity to expand and support India's economy.

The gig economy has emerged as a significant employment sector, offering flexible work opportunities across various industries. This study examines the role of graduates and postgraduates in the gig economy. Analysing their participation, challenges and opportunities. With the rise of digital platforms and changing workforce dynamics, educated professionals are increasingly engaging in freelancing, contract-based and remote work. The research explores factors influencing their transition to gig work such as skill adaptability, job security and concerns and financial sustainability. Additionally, it assesses the implications of this trend on traditional employment structures and policy frameworks. This study provides insights for policymakers, educators and industry leaders to optimize the integration of graduates and postgraduates into the evolving labour market. This research paper seeks to examine the role of graduates and postgraduates in the gig economy by exploring their motivations, challenges, and the broader economic and policy implications. By analysing key trends, employment patterns, and the skill demands of gig-based work, this study aims to provide insights into how higher education interacts with the gig economy. Furthermore, the research will assess whether the current educational framework adequately prepares graduates for this emerging work model and explore potential strategies for enhancing their career prospects within this dynamic employment sector.

The gig economy is transforming labor markets in the Global South, offering new opportunities through digital platforms. However, while it provides flexibility and employment, it also exposes workers to instability, low wages, and a lack of legal and social protections. Many struggle with limited digital access, skill mismatches, and biases embedded in platform algorithms, deepening existing inequalities. This paper examines the intersection of digital platforms, gig work, and policy gaps in developing economies. Through case studies from India, Kenya, Bangladesh, and Brazil, it explores how improved infrastructure, skill development, regulatory reforms, and community-led initiatives can address these challenges. By highlighting both the opportunities and risks of the gig economy, the paper offers actionable recommendations to promote fairer, more inclusive, and sustainable economic growth.

The gig economy has transformed traditional jobs by enabling flexible work through digital platforms. This study examines its future within the Indian landscape. The focus is on how gig work is evolving in Mumbai. It explores opportunities, challenges, and trends in this sector. The research aims to understand its long-term impact on employment. This study examines trends and opportunities in the gig economy. It looks at how new technologies are changing gig work. Globalization and hybrid work models also impact gig workers. The research explores how these changes affect businesses. It highlights challenges faced by gig workers in Mumbai. Labor rights and fair wages are key concerns in this sector. Regulatory frameworks play a big role in shaping gig work. The study suggests ways to improve policies for gig workers. It focuses on making gig work more secure and sustainable. These insights aim to support Mumbai’s workforce and economy.

The rise of gig work has reshaped the employment landscape, offered flexibility and autonomy but also created new challenges for workers. One of the most significant yet underexplored aspects of gig work is its impact on mental health, particularly related to the uncertainty inherent in such employment. This study investigates the psychological effects of uncertainty in gig work, focusing on how the lack of job stability, income predictability, and social safety nets can contribute to stress, anxiety, and other mental health issues. Drawing on qualitative case study, we examine the emotional toll of irregular work schedules, inconsistent earnings, and the absence of traditional employment benefits. The outcomes forecast the reciprocation between financial insecurity, job autonomy, and mental well-being, revealing a need for better mental health support systems and policies to mitigate the negative consequences of gig work's inherent instability. This research calls for a rethinking of labor protections to tackle the psychological problems faced by gig workers in an increasingly uncertain labor market.

Technology has played a pivotal role in shaping the gig economy, driving its rapid expansion and transforming traditional labor structures. This research, based on secondary data analysis, examines how digital platforms facilitate gig work and connect worker with consumers. The study highlights The impact of Ai-driven job matching, algorithmic management, and fintech solutions in enhancing efficiency and accessibility in the gig economy. However, it also identifies key challenges, such as worker autonomy, income instability, and regulatory concerns. The finding suggest that while technology has enabled new employment opportunities, policy interventions are necessary to ensure fair labor practices, transparency, and sustainable gig work conditions in the digital era.

This paper examines the expanding gig economy in India, which is projected to employ 23.5 million workers by 2029-30 and contribute 1.25% to the national GDP by 2030. The gig workforce plays a crucial role in sectors such as e-commerce, transportation, and IT, providing flexible employment opportunities and alternative income sources. However, challenges such as income instability, lack of social security, regulatory ambiguities, and taxation complexities continue to impact workers. Women face additional barriers, including discrimination and safety concerns. While initiatives like the Code on Social Security, 2020, aim to address these issues, implementation remains slow. Digital platforms have expanded access to global markets, increasing employment prospects for Indian freelancers. Addressing these concerns through policy reforms, fair platform regulations, and skill development programs will be essential for ensuring sustainable and inclusive growth in this employment model.

Investments allocate funds into assets to achieve financial goals like wealth-building, retirement savings, or home buying. Options include high-return, high-risk stocks, stable bonds, income-generating real estate, diversified mutual funds/ETFs, precious metals, cryptocurrencies, commodities, and low-risk avenues like savings accounts. Understanding risks and diversifying portfolios are key to informed, successful investment strategies. The study is carried out in urban part of MMR with 303 respondents. The one way ANOVA applied and accepted null hypothesis stating there is no significant relation among demographic factors and investment habit. The study showcase that young investors tends to invest in high risk investment. The financial planning campaign must be run by government and non-government agencies to elope the fear of securities market.

The work environment for both professional and non-professional gig workers is characterized by uncertainty, lack of traditional organizational structures, and potential income instability. Gig workers rely on short-term contracts and projects, often facing unpredictable earnings and job security. Unlike traditional employees, they typically work independently, with minimal managerial oversight and without access to employment benefits such as health insurance, paid leave, or retirement plans. Professional gig workers, such as consultants, freelancers, and specialized service providers, tend to have higher expertise and command competitive rates. In contrast, non-professional gig workers, including delivery drivers, retail workers, and service industry personnel, often take on short-term or task-based work with lower wages and fewer skill requirements. Despite these challenges flexibility and autonomy. work offers wowing individuals to non-professional gig workers, including delivery drivers, retail workers, and service industry personnel, often take on short-term or task-based work with lower wages and fewer skill requirements. Despite these challenges, gig work offers flexibility and autonomy, allowing individuals to choose their work schedules and projects. However, the absence of social security protections and career stability remains a concern. The evolving nature of gig work requires workers to be self- reliant and continuously adapt to market demands.

The digital gig economy in India has witnessed rapid growth, driven by technological advancements and an increasing reliance on digital platforms for freelance and short-term employment. This study explores the synergy between Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Financial Technology (Fintech) in transforming the gig economy. AI boosts productivity for gig workers, while fintech provides secure payments, credit and financial tools. This study examines how these technologies are reshaping the gig economy landscape in India, identifying opportunities and challenges in their implementation. To gain a comprehensive understanding, data has been collected from both gig workers and the general public to analyse perspectives on the role of AI and FinTech in the gig economy. This dual approach helps in identifying: • How gig workers utilize AI-powered financial tools. • Public perceptions of AI and FinTech’s impact on digital labour. The findings highlight the potential of AI-driven financial solutions in enhancing economic inclusion and job security for gig workers. While continuing to rebuild the digital reconstruction of India, the synergy between AI and Fintech is expected to play a crucial role in driving the future of the digital gig economy.

The gig economy, characterized by short-term, flexible employment facilitated through digital platforms, has rapidly transformed the global labor market. This paper explores the impact of the gig economy on the employment opportunities for commerce graduates, whose traditional career paths have been centered around permanent, full-time positions in sectors like finance, marketing, accounting, and management. With the rise of freelancing and contract-based work, commerce graduates now face both new opportunities and challenges. The study examines how the gig economy provides flexibility, autonomy, and entrepreneurial avenues, while also introducing risks such as income instability, job insecurity, and lack of traditional employment benefits. Furthermore, it highlights the skills that commerce graduates need to thrive in the gig economy, including digital literacy, self-management, and adaptability. The paper concludes by offering recommendations for educational institutions and policy makers to better prepare graduates for success in this evolving work environment, emphasizing the need for a shift in curricula and career development strategies to equip graduates for both traditional and gig-based roles.

The rapid digitalization of the global economy has significantly reshaped employment structures, leading to the expansion of the gig economy. This paper examines how commerce graduates can effectively prepare for this evolving job landscape by acquiring relevant digital skills, utilizing online platforms, and adopting an entrepreneurial mindset. It explores the advantages and challenges of gig-based work, the impact of social media and web development on freelance careers, and the critical role of continuous learning in a competitive digital space. Through case studies, statistical insights, and real-world examples, this paper highlights strategies for successfully navigating the gig economy. Ultimately, it argues that the gig economy presents immense opportunities for young professionals, provided they proactively adapt and establish sustainable career paths.

Gig Economy (G.E) is concerned with those workers who are doing temporary, part-time, short-term, period basis task for survival. G.E is now fast enhancing because permanent jobs are not available or not generated by the employer. Whatever jobs are available irrespective of the nature of the job, for survival of the needy or those who have certain skills to perform the job are joining this economy or are already a part of this economy. The study focuses on the gig concept, comparison of the G.E and traditional economy, benefits and challenges of gig work, terrorize of gig jobs, the balancing act of CSR in satisfying companies stakeholders considering the ground reality of gig work to overcome the challenges there is continuous need to improve the skills, knowledge, calibre, and smartness, more emphasis on creativity for outstanding performance for clients satisfaction.

The gig economy, characterized by temporary and freelance employment, is reshaping traditional workforce structures across various industries, including academic libraries. This paper explores the implications of gig-based work in academic library settings, analyzing its benefits, challenges, and potential strategies for adaptation. The advantages of gig employment in libraries include cost efficiency, flexibility, and access to specialized expertise, which facilitate innovation and enhanced digital services. However, this model also poses concerns related to workforce instability, inconsistent service quality, limited professional development opportunities, financial constraints, and legal complexities. As academic libraries increasingly integrate gig workers into their operations, they must adopt strategic approaches to balance flexibility with service sustainability. This paper highlights the need for hybrid employment models, professional development programs, fair labour policies, and technological advancements to ensure the effective implementation of gig work while preserving the integrity of library services. By navigating these challenges proactively, academic libraries can maintain their role as essential knowledge centres in an evolving economic landscape.

The gig economy, characterized by short-term, flexible work arrangements, has transformed the way people work and earn a living. One sector that has been significantly impacted by the gig economy is tourism. In Thane district, located in the state of Maharashtra, India, the gig economy has emerged as a key driver of tourism growth.

The ever changing economic world has seen many developments in the recent past that have shaped the world economy and its organizations. It has led to people deviating from their tried and tested working policies towards newer and creative methods of managing their business and finances. One such new addition to the world of economics is the Gig Economy. The Gig Economy is a new way of employment where people, instead of taking up the traditional full time, long term jobs; take up short term jobs, short term projects or ‘Gig’ as it is famously called. As the nature of employment in the Gig economy deviates from the traditional job security and stable earning policies, a need to rejig the financial management for profitability of people has been felt the world over. This research paper attempts to study the concept of financial management and profitability of a person or firm working in a Gig Economy.

Everyday gig economy platforms face dire issues with data security due to large volumes of sensitive user information, such as financial details and personal data, being shared. This work is focused on the use of mathematical tools to aid in data security specifically, by providing mathematical contributions to data hashing, cryptographic algorithms, and statistical anomaly detection. Literature on computer and information security is analyzed for different techniques of securing data and it outlines a certain system to evaluate those techniques. Following this work, it is possible to ‘plug’ systems that foster secure digital transactions, not only improving their existing security but also enabling the use of secure digital transaction mechanisms for the context of gig economy platforms.

The gig economy has transformed employment patterns, influencing consumer behavior among gig workers. The gig economy is a type of short term and tasked based digital platforms. In this case gig workers work as on contract basis rather than opting full time job. Through this short term basis job gig workers are benefited as they can able to learn new skills, experience of multiple tasked, etc. But on the other hand they have to face disadvantages such as lack of job security, no fix income, no health insurance or other benefits that full time employees receives. Their income is based on their efforts and task completed. The study examines how fluctuating income, job instability, and flexible work impact their spending habits, savings and financial decisions. This research aims to understand and make analysis behavior of the consumer for gig workers. It explores key factors like expense, prioritization, brand preferences and economic adaptability.

The gig economy has gained significant traction in recent years, transforming the nature of work and creating flexible, short-term job opportunities for millions of workers globally. At the core of this transformation lies Information Technology (IT), which facilitates the seamless connection between gig workers and clients via digital platforms. However, while IT has enabled the growth of the gig economy, it has also introduced complex cybersecurity challenges. This paper explores the role of IT in shaping the gig economy, focusing on cybersecurity risks, data protection, and strategies for a secure working environment. It discusses how IT infrastructure can be leveraged to minimize risks and improve security, identifying threats faced by gig workers and platforms.

Changing lifestyle and the advancement of technology have led to the emergence of online food delivery as a promising sector in the gig economy. There is a parallel increase in the demand for alternative sustainable food packaging materials to traditionally used synthetic plastic, thanks to the negative impact of synthetic plastic on health and the environment. The Indian government is also boosting the market for biodegradable packaging materials through the Swach Bharat Abhiyan. Several Indian companies are well-established in this market; simultaneously, several entrepreneurs are emerging with their novel ideas for making cost-effective and competent biodegradable materials. Although the share of biodegradable materials in the food packaging market is very low in today's scenario, a massive amount of employment generation in this field in the future is possible, owing to increased awareness regarding the adverse impact on health and the environment caused by widely used synthetic plastic.

The Gig economy, which offers flexibility and cost-effectiveness, has become a significant employment source worldwide, leading to concerns about job security, income stability, and worker rights. India's growing urban population has led to a significant increase in gig-based employment opportunities, with facility management services like housekeeping, plumbing, security, and maintenance work being the most popular. Gig-based labour is rapidly emerging in the financial hub of India, specifically Mumbai. The Topic “The Challenges Faced by Gig Economy Workers in Indian Facility Management with Special Reference to Mumbai City” by Author “Pooja Singh”, email id poojaas1987@gmail.com and contact number 9833643729 investigates the obstacles that facility management gig workers in Mumbai face unpredictable income, lack of legal recognition, inadequate social security benefits, and exploitative work conditions. The study draws on surveys and interviews with 130 gig workers in Mumbai to gather primary data, as well as analysing secondary data from government reports, international labour studies, private research organizations. It also examines policy gaps and provides recommendations to enhance protection of gig workers in India. The case studies highlights the need for policy reforms, better enforcement of labour laws and better working conditions for gig workers in Mumbai's facility management sector.

The gig economy has emerged as a dominant labor market structure, where temporary, flexible, and often precarious work is increasingly common. This paper explores the relationship between the gig economy and globalization, providing a historical perspective on how the former evolved in the context of the latter. It traces the origins of gig work through pre-industrial, industrial, and post-industrial societies, focusing on how globalization facilitated the expansion of gig work in the modern era. The paper examines key historical events, economic transitions, and technological advancements, arguing that the rise of the gig economy cannot be understood without considering globalization’s profound impact on labor markets. The analysis further addresses social, economic, and political factors contributing to the rise of gig work, providing insights into the implications for workers, economies, and societies worldwide.

The gig economy has revolutionized the global workforce, offering flexibility and autonomy to workers while enabling businesses to access on-demand talent. However, challenges such as inconsistent productivity, safety concerns, and environmental sustainability persist. The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a transformative technology capable of addressing these challenges by enhancing worker productivity, improving safety, and promoting sustainable practices. This paper explores the intersection of the gig economy and IoT, focusing on how IoT-enabled devices and systems can empower gig workers, ensure safety, and contribute to environmental sustainability. Key areas of focus include IoT applications in task optimization, real-time monitoring, safety enhancements, and sustainable resource management. The paper concludes with recommendations for leveraging IoT to create a more productive, safe, and sustainable gig economy.

Online platform for Gig Platforms (short-term work), relies heavily on recommendation algorithms to match customers with clients efficiently. However, the existing systems more often prioritize simple metrics like ratings, that sometime result in inconsistent mapping of client and customer. Therefore this does not please the users and brings down the platform success. This paper brings forward the "Request Response Matching Score" a different algorithm to improve matching efficiency across gig platforms. Taking influence from existing weighted ranking algorithm and k-Nearest Neighbors’ feature-based matching, this Match Score equates quality, speed, and correctness. whereas other models are based only on rating. Further analysis gives benefits such as clients gain faster match, customized matches, and newcomers, achieve fairer visibility and platforms gains retention. The Test here include possible computational burden.Still feasibility is appreciable given the existing data infrastructures. The outcome extends to gig economy and future AI integration. However, this study reveals a refined recommendation systems to promote gig jobs, giving a desirable, mathematical based result for a sustaining digital worker platform .

This study examines how the gig economy affects workers' finances, particularly in the Vasai-Virar Municipal Corporation (VVMC) region of Maharashtra, India. The labor market has changed as a result of the growth of gig work, which is made possible by platforms that provide flexible, temporary employment opportunities. It gives people new ways to make money, but it also brings with it special difficulties in terms of financial security. The absence of traditional employment benefits like healthcare and retirement plans, job security, and irregular income are some of the main topics of this study. The study looks at the socioeconomic profile fo gig workers in the VVM region and the financial vulnerabilities they face through a combination of surveys and interviews. Additionally, it looks at how local government regulations and platform-based businesses can take care of these issues. According to the findings, gig workers frequently experience financial instability as a result of income fluctuations, insufficient social protections, and restricted access to economic resources. By promoting better social safety nets, higher wages, and a more encouraging atmosphere for gig workers in the expanding economy, this research seeks to contribute to future debates on labor rights and regulatory frameworks.

This study examines how traffic congestion near Virar Railway Station is affected by ride-hailing services like Ola and Uber. Despite providing convenience and better last-mile connectivity, these platforms' operations frequently exacerbate traffic, lead to unlawful parking and raise environmental issues. This study determines the advantages and disadvantages of gig economy transportation services through questionnaires, data analysis, and observations. It is suggested that policies be changed, infrastructure be improved and ride-hailing services be better regulated in order to reduce traffic.

Financial inclusion has become a global priority, with fintech companies playing a critical role in expanding access to financial services. This paper examines the regulatory frameworks that govern fintech companies and their impact on financial inclusion. This case study approach is an attempt to analyse the regulatory environments of India, the United Kingdom, and Kenya, highlighting key policy measures, challenges, and best practices. The finding of the study suggested a balanced regulatory approach to foster innovation, ensuring consumer protection and financial stability. Furthermore the role of digital payment ecosystems, regulatory sandboxes, and consumer protection measures are discussed for shaping financial inclusion policies. The study concludes with policy recommendations for improving fintech regulations to support financial inclusion efforts worldwide.

At the turn of the century emerged the Gig Economy and with it a change in the lives of millions of people. Gig workers became a huge part of the workforce. This influenced the way writers viewed the changing scenario. Sayaka Murata’s Convenience Store Woman became one of the novels depicting the life of one such gig worker, who is at the lower rung of the workforce ladder. The novel poignantly looks at Keiko Furukura, a gig worker’s life and delineates how work absorbs the worker even when there is no security of employment and not much savings. Keiko finds the sameness of her daily routine as an escape from the normalcy of life outside the store, it absorbs her “different-ness”. In contrast, Shiraha, another employee at the convenience store Keiko works at, is fired because he does not follow the norms. Both characters, even though opposite in nature, do not fit in the social norms that, according to Shiraha, have not changed since the Stone Age and this causes discomfort for both Keiko and Shiraha. The novel thus is a fitting commentary on life today.