Original Research Articles
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April 26, 2023
117 Downloads
STARTUP INDIA: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
Mr. Ankur Omprakash Nigam
DOI : 10.5281/EIIRJ.7929342
Abstract
Certificate
The Startup is not a new concept; it exists right from the first industrial policy. The private entrepreneur has been
encouraged to establish industrial units. However, the startup India initiated by the present government, to encourage
new generation to enter into the production/manufacturing/trading activities. According to this initiative there are
many opportunities for the young generation to startup with their new ideas. To facilitate the growth of startups
and provide encouragement, Startup India initiative was announced on 15th August, 2015. This initiative has rolled
out several programs with the objectives of supporting entrepreneurs, and transforming India into a country of job
creators instead of job seekers and also provide 19-point action plan to promote Startup India initiative. The research
proposes to find opportunities and challenges of Startup India initiative with reference to Gujarat and Maharashtra
and suggest measures to solve issues and challenges of Startups in India.
Original Research Articles
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April 28, 2023
138 Downloads
A STUDY TO EVALUATE THE GROWTH OF MSMES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO KDMC REGION
Mr. Arnold Jathanna & Dr. Seethalekshmy N.
DOI : 10.5281/EIIRJ.7929373
Abstract
Certificate
The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)
is regarded to be one of the apex organizations for
enhancing the growth of our country. Various
measurements and policies are introduced by the
government from time to time to promote the MSME
sector. The initiative of ‘Start-up India’ has immensely
contributed to the growth of MSMEs in our country.
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the normal
life and has affected multiple industries and sector
impacting the overall Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
of our country.
Original Research Articles
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April 30, 2023
140 Downloads
A STUDY ON REDRAFTING THE CURRICULUM BY APPLYING OUTCOME BASED EDUCATION (OBE) TO THE COURSE - PERSONAL FINANCIAL PLANNING
Geeta S. Nair
DOI : 10.5281/EIIRJ.7929385
Abstract
Certificate
The present higher education scenario in some HEIs in India is as “the teacher doesn’t know why he is teaching”
and the student doesn’t know “why he is learning”. OBE is the solution to this teaching-learning gap that is formed,
mainly due to “mass” education trend, where every average or below average, middle-class student is expected to
graduate in a particular discipline irrespective of the passion or interest of that student. The implementation of NEP
2020, has stressed on Outcome Based Education model, where the focus is shifted from the “teacher’s teaching” to
the “students’ learning”.
In 2018, the number of autonomous colleges affiliated to University of Mumbai was just 17 (out of the 791 affiliated
colleges). In 2021, the number increased to 46, Maharashtra State has 122 autonomous colleges, of which the most,
of around 38% are from University of Mumbai. With flexibility in designing the curriculum and assessment and the
implementation of NEP 2020, these autonomous colleges have the responsibility of taking the students to higher
cognitive domain. The curriculum needs to be comprehensive, dynamic and also flexible so as to bring the students
up to the targeted ability or skill or competence. The diversity of the student community in terms of different learning
styles, strategies and pace have to be catered to by the HEIs. The relationship of the stakeholders of HEI’s has shifted
from teacher-student to trainer-trainee to facilitator-participant. From statement of marks to grade-cards to CO level
attainment card, the latest being the most meaningful and elaborate in judging the student’s learning, that is the
future of HEIs for a developing nation like India.
Original Research Articles
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April 26, 2023
88 Downloads
ROLE OF MICRO FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN INDIA
Prof. Hanisha Bathija
DOI : 10.5281/EIIRJ.7929403
Abstract
Certificate
Indian economy is a developing economy. Micro Finance programmes play very significant role for boosting
entrepreneurial activities for creating productive assets coupled with employment generation. Government spends
crores of rupees through various financing schemes to boost Indian economy. Indian Population is characterized
with low standard of living , inequality, low income and illiteracy. To boost Indian Economy and Entrepreneurial
skills Government has came up with Micro finance schemes through various institutions for Entrepreneurial Growth
and Development. However lack of awareness of Micro Finance schemes among the major portion of Indian
Population has led to slow growth in development of Industries, Agriculture, Trade and other related activities. To
achieve the socio economic objective and making formal banking sector accessible to poor people various micro
finance schemes has been introduced by Government. These schemes puts credit, savings and other financial services
within the reach of poor people. This paper deals with role of Micro finance in India and its models.
Original Research Articles
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April 30, 2023
178 Downloads
A STUDY OF IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON SMALL BUSINESSES
Dr. Laksha Ailani, Ms. Aditi Ganesh Khadye & Ms. Vaishnavi Ravindra Borhade
DOI : 10.5281/EIIRJ.8044660
Abstract
Certificate
Small and Medium Enterprises SMEs are the core of economic growth and development in every country. They
constitute a dominant player in the industrial landscape of most countries including India. The current study uses
secondary data to assess the depth of impact of the two biggest crises of the 21st century – the Global Financial
Crisis (2008-09) and the Covid-19 pandemic (2020-21). Secondary data reveals that Covid-19 has had a far stronger
and deeper impact on Indian MSMEs relative to the GFC mainly due to the synchronicity of impact across the globe
and across sectors due to the Covid-19 onslaught. While GFC was an exogenous shock to India limited to the
financial sector, the Covid-19 had an exogenous trigger which imploded within. The twin demand and supply shock
nature of the Covid-19 crisis exacerbated the woes of the real sector. The prevailing economic landscape at the time
of Covid-19 was grim which reduced the shock absorption capability of the world economy in general and Indian
economy in particular. Re-skilling MSMEs, periodic business monitoring using scenario analysis and conduct of
stress tests are submissions made in this study to overcome the sitting duck syndrome in future.
Original Research Articles
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April 30, 2023
135 Downloads
SUSTAINABILITY EDUCATION: DEVELOPING A TEACHING-LEARNING FRAMEWORK FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS
Dr. Rajiv Ramnath Khurana
DOI : 10.5281/EIIRJ.7929453
Abstract
Certificate
Sustainability education is crucial in preparing the next generation for a sustainable future. College students are
particularly important as they are future leaders and influencers. However, effective teaching-learning frameworks
for sustainability education are required to achieve this goal. This research paper explores the development of a
teaching-learning framework for college students in Mumbai that promotes sustainable growth. The paper discusses
the concept of sustainability education, its importance, and challenges, followed by an analysis of the current state
of sustainability education in Mumbai. Based on this analysis, a teaching-learning framework is proposed that aims
to promote sustainability literacy, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills among college students. The
framework is designed to empower students to become leaders in sustainable development. The paper concludes that
developing a teaching-learning framework for sustainability education is essential for achieving sustainable growth
in Mumbai and beyond.
Original Research Articles
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April 28, 2023
102 Downloads
AN EVALUATIVE STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF FINANCE FOR SME FROM GHATKOPAR TO THANE REGION IN MAHARASHTRA STATE
CA. Ravindra Naik
DOI : 10.5281/EIIRJ.7929479
Abstract
Certificate
Finance for SME evaluation is very essential as day by day enhancements of SME will have a positive impact towards
the financial health of the economy. SMS have a lot of unsolved issues. SMEs are one of the biggest supports to
solving problems of rural and urban economic development and are a catalyst of economic growth. It affects the
financial health and wellbeing of the nation. However SMEs have succeeded with some good lending options. There
is a mix of options available for SMEs effective practices and smooth operation. Hence evaluation is essential to
understand finance for SME. This detailed Evaluation is aimed at analyzing the impact of Finance for SME from
Ghatkopar to Thane Region in Maharashtra State.
Original Research Articles
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April 26, 2023
88 Downloads
AWARENESS OF PERSONAL FINANCE AMONG WOMEN COMMUNITY
Sangeeta Ashish Hirlekar
DOI : 10.5281/EIIRJ.7929493
Abstract
Certificate
Personal finance relates to the financial needs and the
ways to meet that need. It includes savings,
investments, planning to meet certain financial goals
we need to lead our life in more comfortable way.
Personal finance caters to the priority among the
individuals for assured comfortable life.
Personal Finance deal with management of funds
earned. Keeping in mind the income sources and
necessary savings, spending list has to be decided.
Familywise financial planning differs. Personal
Finance plays a vital role that decides the standard of
living of a person and his family.
Original Research Articles
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April 27, 2023
101 Downloads
STUDY ON AWARENESS ABOUT GOVERNMENT SCHEMES FOR REFINANCING AMONG START-UP ENTREPRENEURS OF KALYAN ULHASNAGAR AND NEARBY AREAS, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO “PRADHAN MANTRI MUDRA YOJANA”
Prof. Vijay Bhojwani
DOI : 10.5281/EIIRJ.7929513
Abstract
Certificate
Start-up is a new concept which is gaining quite popularity among young and mid aged population of India. The
reasons for growing start-ups in India is, Indian population including males and females are willing to become selfreliant
and independent while fulfilling their dreams are another motives to start a owned business venture, as we
all know that growth prospects in a service or job are comparatively mediocre, people are moving towards the idea
of coming with a small or medium size start up business in their nearby vicinity. To start a small venture may not be
difficult, but the difficulty arises later on after the few years of operating that small or mid-size business, where
people are not able to sustain their venture for a long period of time due to increasing competition and changing
needs of the customer, it is observed that most of the start-ups fail and take an exit from the market within 4 to 5 five
years after starting, as they are not able to accumulate funds to continue the business, the reason is that in starting
period the income is less, most of the businesses are running on break even point and even few on losses, due to
which after few years they are short of refinancing capital to keep the business running as retained earnings are
hardly saved.
To make these new start-ups sustain and survive for a longer period of time there are few refinancing schemes which
are launched by government of India for the capital benefit and other training needs of the young entrepreneurs to
imbibe more entrepreneurship skills among the Indian population and motivate them for settling themselves through
a entrepreneurship venture as an option for earning income and also to fulfil the needs of the society, one such
initiative of government is “Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana” which was launched in the year 2015 by the current
Prime Minister of India Mr. Narendra Modi. The motive of this study is to know that, are people residing in Dombivli-
Kalyan and nearby areas aware about Mudra Yojana and other such refinancing schemes launched by Indian
government and the challenges and requirements for their new start-ups.
Original Research Articles
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April 29, 2023
128 Downloads
START UPS AND INCUBATION CENTRE
Pradhul Raj K. Madhu, Murshitha Fathima, Nanma K.V. & Anumalik N. R.
DOI : 10.5281/EIIRJ.8044668
Abstract
Certificate
This research focuses on the importance of start-up incubators on nation-building by fostering the growth and
development of new businesses. startup incubators provide support and resources for the early stages companies,
including mentorship, office space, and access to funding. They can have a significant impact on the success of
startups by helping them to overcome common challenges such as lack of experience, networks, and funding.
However, incubators can also present challenges for startups, such as intense resources and pressure to achieve
milestones quickly. Additionally, incubators may not be a good fit for every startup, as they may have different needs
and goals.
Original Research Articles
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April 28, 2023
104 Downloads
COMPARISON OF PERFORMANCE OF STOCK RETURNS IN THE INDIAN STOCK MARKET USING CAPM
Payal Dere
DOI : 10.5281/EIIRJ.7929575
Abstract
Certificate
Capital Asset Pricing Model is developed by William Sharpe and John Lintner after understanding the various
drawbacks in the Modern Portfolio Theory. Generally, investors do not consider the fundamentals and the strategies
while investing and hence do not get the expected returns. The purpose of this study is to provide the judgements
about the stock returns by comparing the performance of the stocks in the Indian stock market by applying the CAPM
model. The study covered monthly data of Indian companies for 5 year period from 2017 to 2022. The year 2022 was
not considered as it was abnormal and outlier year. Jensen’s Alpha was used to identify the best stocks. Actual and
expected returns were compared to judge the securities and accordingly make the investment decisions. The study
found that both the models gives similar results for the sampled stocks except for one. On the whole, the CAPM model
could satisfactorily explain the risk-return relationship in the Indian Stock market.