Background: Intravenous cannulation usage is a vital component for the patient admitted at hospitals . PIC insertion associated with some complications ranging from minor pain to severe thrombophlebitis and catheter related infections .The prevalence of thrombophlebitis due to IV insertion ranges fro 50-70%.In the present setting this sort of study is not yet conducted. Aims and Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of application of topical heparin before peripheral venous cannulation with non application of heparin gel in prevention of thrombophlebitis at different intervals in patients undergoing intravenous cannulation in patients admitted in a tertiary hospital in Mumbai. Materials & Methods : A prospective, randomized, parallel group, single centre, clinical study .Main study was conducted after pilot study after obtaining clearance from ethical committee and consent from individual participants. A total 60 patients undergoing intravenous cannulation that has been planned to remain in situ for at least 72 hours indoor period were enrolled & randomized using computer generated random number table. Patients were randomized into Control vs Experimental group and assessed using a Visual Infusion Phlebitis Scoring Tool. Heparin gel was applied 5 minute before the procedure of intravenous catheter insertion at catheter site. Patients were evaluated using standardized tool Visual Infusion Phlebitis Score Tool for incidences of infusion phlebitis, first signs of phlebitis and treatment emergent application site reactions at 0.12,24,72 hours. Findings were statistically analysed for statistical significance, p - value below 0.05 levels was considered to be significant. Results: Application of topical heparin in the experimental group is effective in preventing and mitigating superficial thrombophlebitis compared to control group.At 72 hours the experimental group has a median superficial thrombophlebitis grade of 1 with an IQR of 1 whereas in control group has a median Superficial Thrombophlebitis grade of 4 with IQR of 1 indicating severe superficial thrombophlebitis at p value of < 0.001 Conclusion: Heparin gel application was effective in the prevention of infusion-associated phlebitis

Virtual autism refers to symptoms similar to ASD arising from excessive screen time. In contrast, ASD is a lifelong developmental disorder characterized by challenges in social interaction, communication and restricted repetitive behaviors. This paper provides an overview of the condition and its measures needed to control or overcome this disease in our country, exploring it’s significance, trends, challenges and regulatory framework. The analysis highlights the diverse range of children suffering from virtual autism and its preventative measures, if there are any. It examines the evolving dynamics of autistic children and its possible interventions alone with its cause. Moreover, this paper delves into the key drives fueling virtual autism growth in India, and its effects, challenges faced by parents in their daily lives, resolving solutions, recovery actions, reasoning’s and medical care. Additionally, opinions of parents and therapists as well as doctors have been taken to analyze to understand it’s Impact on Virtual autism and it’s causes. Overall, this paper provides valuable insights into the role of autistic children and their causes in India. By addressing the challenges and preventative measures facing Virtual autism, people can gain an understanding on how to deal with children with such conditions and live with them in the society as a whole.

Student approaches to learning is a primary factor that determines students’ engagement and motivation in learning which in turn determines their academic success. The desirable approach to learning fosters self-directedness in learning thereby nurturing love for life long learning. This study was conducted with the aim to study the student teachers’ approaches to learning based on their faculty of graduation and college types. It adopted the descriptive method of research. The findings of the study reveal that the student- teachers preferred deep approach as compared to surface approach to learning.

Digital penetration in general has seen major improvement in recent years. This has come to rescue the education sector in times of global pandemic and consequent lock downs. There has been invent of various tools and platforms on which education is being provided to student and teacher community. This paper has examined the awareness of digital education among pre-service teacher of B.Ed. and M.Ed. in terms of knowledge about digital education and skill of using digital applications, digital medium and digital devices. The present study also explored the differences in awareness of digital education among pre-service teachers by gender, teacher education course, and level of educational qualification. The researcher prepared a close ended structured questionnaire measuring the responses in lieu of knowledge and skill about digital education. It was found that majority of the pre-service teachers were adequately aware about leaning management system, spam, MOOC and virtual labs. The pre-service teachers were found to have good skill in using word process application, presentation application and video sharing sites. Only around 20% of the pre-service teachers were part of any forum or interests’ group and used virtual labs in teaching. It was also found that pre-service teachers have adequate knowledge about digital education and skill of using digital medium and digital devices as the mean score was more than fifty percent. It was observed that the awareness about government initiatives in digital education was not adequate among pre-service teachers.

Kiran Desai is one of the talented and ambitious younger Indian diasporic writers who have a significant role in portraying and reflecting the difficulties and complexities of the experiences of the immigrants in literature. Kiran Desai’s most notable novel, “The Inheritance of Loss” (2006) is set in Kalimpong, which is situated at the foot of mount Kanchenjunga in the North Eastern part of post -Independence India. This novel explores immigration, relationships and identity on both the interpersonal and international scale. Spanning India, England, and the United States, the novel details the conflict between traditional Indian ways of life and the shiny opulence of Western nations. The book won several awards, including the Man Booker Prize in 2006 and the National Book Critics Circle Fiction Award in 2007. Desai wrote the book in the seven years following her 1998 debut, Hullabaloo in the Guava Orchard. The novel highlights some of the outstanding issues of contemporary society such as globalization, marginalization, subordination, economic inequality, exploitation, poverty, nationalism, insurgency, immigration, hybridity, racial discrimination and political violence.To sum up , the novel deals with the conflict of culture , on the global level ; and on the personal level it deals with the internal conflict if identity ( the past and present ). In THE INHERITANCE OF LOSS, Desai tries to capture the pain and dilemma of an immigrant.

This paper examines the concept of gamification in education, emphasizing its benefits and challenges through an extensive review of existing literature. Gamification has been increasingly adopted as a pedagogical tool in various educational contexts to enhance student engagement, motivation, and learning outcomes. This review synthesizes findings from multiple studies to provide a comprehensive understanding of the impact of gamification on both students and educators. Additionally, the paper identifies gaps in the current literature and proposes directions for future research.

With the increasing frequency and severity of cyclonic events, accurate and timely prediction of cyclone intensity is critical for disaster preparedness. This research introduces a deep learning framework for predicting cyclone intensity using satellite imagery. Our approach leverages convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to extract complex features from satellite images, complemented by the Dvorak technique for analyzing eye structure and cloud top temperatures. Additionally, we integrate Decision Tree and Random Forest algorithms to enhance prediction accuracy. Trained on a comprehensive dataset of historical cyclone imagery, our model demonstrates significant improvements in prediction accuracy and efficiency compared to traditional methods. By integrating this deep learning framework into operational forecasting systems, our approach provides enhanced predictive capabilities, supporting more effective preparation and response strategies for regions at risk.