It is still a popular belief that the Indians were an a historical people and kept no records of their history. It is true that most of their writings and records do not deal with political events and activities, but these are very much concerned with the nature of genealogies, legends, cultural and monastic chronicles- all legitimate constituents of a historical tradition. History is not just a dry narration of events of the past nor an assemblage of information derived from written chronicles. It has to be built up, especially in an ancient land like India from a wide range of sources. Literature is just one of them. At a time when much headway was registered in the task of compiling history in countries like Greece, Italy and China, the study of the discipline, in question, was in its infancy in the Indian subcontinent. The ancient Indians, doubtless to say, evinced interest in their ancestors and past but for several centuries‟ interest in the past was severely circumscribed by a mythic view of life and cosmos, and was totally bereft of the spirit of rational enquiry. Consequently, early Indian interest in the past did not develop into what may be called history.

Ecotourism is entirely a new approach in tourism. In India, the concept of ecotourism is comprised only up to Wildlife areas. National parks and Wildlife Sanctuary are the most developed tourism destinations in this category. In present study Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary in Koyna River Catchment area is selected for ecotourism. There are some tourist places to visit along the National Park. The Dam site, Garden, Ghats, Lake, Sadaa, Waterfall, rich Flora and Fauna are the common but distinguished features of this sanctuary. Keywords: Ecotourism, Wildlife Sanctuary, Flora, Fauna etc.

Bharatiya samaj ke jaisa vibhinnata se saja hua manavsamaj aaj ki duniya me bahut hi kam desh me dekhane milata hai. Dharma, bhasha, vansh kul parampara aur sanskruti aadi me bharatiyo ki vibhinnata yah samajshastradna aur manavavanshasradnya inake adhyayan ka vishesh pasandita vishaya bana hua dikhai deta hai.

Maharaja Sayajirao Gaikwad he bharatatil pragat vicharsaraniche aani sudharanasathi navopakram rabavinare raje hote.

The use of social media has become essential in Education and Teaching learning Process. The use of social media specifically in the field of community and Educational development has also recently begun to receive intellectual attention. There is strong facts to suggest that social networks can improve Teaching Learning Process. The prospective to transform the methods of dialoging, information sharing, and relationship building in the Educational community in the twenty first century. WhatsApp also introduces the use of various technological tools and methods for sharing and discussing information. An instant messaging system for smartphones from WhatsApp . Founded in 2009 by Brian Acton and Jan Koum and running on all major smartphone platforms, WhatsApp uses the Internet as an alternative to the SMS text messaging system. Via Wi-Fi, phone subscribers pay nothing for WhatsApp messages. However, even if they use their cellular data plans for WhatsApp messages, text messages comprise only a handful of bytes, and thousands can be sent for a minuscule fraction of their total data usage.

This research paper shows about Collection Development in Industry Library special case of Library of Jain Irrigation System Ltd. In this research paper study the Role of Industry Library, its research methodology, Collection Development in Industry Library, Scope, Limitation and Conclusion etc.

Kahi divasapasun samajamadhe soshal midiyacha vapar phar prachand pramanat hotana disun yeto. Internetchya vaparamule khup mothya pramanat mahitiche dar ughade jale aahe.

Rural tourism is a new trend of tourism industry and growing up to be a potential business in its individual space and it can bring economic and social benefits to the humanity. It is a form of environment based tourism that exposes the rural life, art, culture and heritage at rural locations, thereby favouring the local communities socially and economically. Rural tourism has created incredible impact on the local economy and socio-cultural setup of the concern area. In Asian countries, particularly in India, rural tourism is a latest concept. Rural tourism can help in shaping our society. It can have both positive and negative impacts on rural as well as urban people. There is a scope of rural tourism in India. Rural Tourism also carries a potential scope for the rural populations. This paper aims to exploring rural tourism in India which can help to setup rural tourism policy for the rural people who actually living in and around the tourist location and also finds the possibilities of sustainable development of the rural area. For developing the rural tourism we need to understand the need of rural area with rural environment, demography, and socio-culture, economic and political background of that place. Rural tourism worked as an engine of various kinds of opportunities for the rural development. The Government should encourage private enterprises to promote tourism in rural areas. To develop a strategic marketing plan for rural tourism we have to identify the target customer their needs and wants and how to match it with our rural infrastructure. Rural Tourism can develop a winwin situation for both the rural and urban populations.

Education system must be based on quality, accessibility, affordability and ethics. No doubt, governments have taken various steps to make education inclusive in our coutry. Subsequently literacy rate jumped up from 18.30 percent to 74.04 percent during 1951 to 2011. However, as far asquality, accessibility, affordability and ethics are concerned, situation is not satisfactory in our country. The education particularly after new economic reforms of 1991 is commercialising. It is not affordable to the people in countries like India where sizable part of the population is struggling for the ‘Bread and Butter’.The Higher Education System in India compared to developed countries needs substantial improvement. The enrolment ratio is hardly about 13 percent whereas the same is varying between 28 to 90 percent across the world. Budget allocation for education by Govt. of India in 2012 was about 6 percent of total expenditure, which is not going to be adequate, and therefore allocation must be made appropriately, i.e. minimum 10 percent in order to improve the educational scenario in India. Basic education must reach to maximum number of children from different strata of the society so that they will be eligible to pursue higher education. Furthermore, in higher education too, due to commercialisation, there is major problem of universal economic accessibility, affordability and more importantly, quality of education. In this Situation, in last five academic years ( 2011-12 to 2015-16), how is the Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil College Vashi, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra carrying social responsibility in providing higher education to the students from economically lower or middle strata of the society? It is analysed in this research paper.

The purpose of this paper is to findout the concept and idea of value education as percieved by Sri Sri Thakur Anukul Chandra and the possibility of using it to pursue value within the field of education. The paper ask how the concept of value education of sri sri thakur anukul chandra help professional teachers to impart value education among students in diffrent levels? In what ways can sri sri thakur anukul’s ideas about value education and their effects on the human being help today’s students to pursue higher education in the global context? What are the real concept of value education according to sri sri thaku anukul praxis in the pursuit of global education? To answer this question, this paper relies on data collected during the author’s doctoral research in which he conducted open-ended semi-structured interviews of 20 purposively selected school activists in odisha 2006 and 2010. This paper calls for a revolutionized reflection of sri sri thakur anukul on value education. By that, this paper suggests bringing a discursive sophistication into their speeches and writings in ways that can inform and shape contemporary activism while acknowledging their shortcomings and limitations. Furthermore, this paper argues that, given the current scenerio of value education that is imparted to the stuents.

Education and teaching is an abstract subject and symbol occupies an important position. Computer technology holds promise for improving student achievement and teacher quality in educational programmes at all levels. Computer assisted instruction is an effective method for teaching visually oriented subjects such as ultrasonography. Teaching objectives should be carefully defined and resources for development identified. Education has always been important but perhaps never more so in man's history than today. It also reviews general learning issues such as learning styles and strategies, learner autonomy and the factors that affect the efficiency of the learning process. CAI is a supplementary instructional strategy in effective teaching. In this research paper mainly focused on uses of computers in education system and importance of computers in teaching and education life. CAI is that in which teacher use computers at different times and spaces according to the characteristics of the subject matter, the students and the available software and hardware

Samkalin hindi kathasahitya me sajiv ne apani pahachan banai hai. unhone apane upnyaso me samaj ke pichade upekshit varjit kshetra ki dardnak vyatha ko vani pradan ki hai.

Technology has power to change services offer by library in current scenario and it has positive impact on users too. The earlier source of storage of knowledge was human mind which has been transfer to manuscripts, print and non-print materials and now a days it’s in the air/virtual or cloud based. To attract users towards learning resources available at library, existing services has to be changed according to changing demands from its users and therefore, technology has playing vital role in this regards. With help of the state of the art technology library can offer its users need based services the same has been discussed in this article.

In the era of Post-Globalization, there is a rapid growth in urbanization. Similarly, migration towards cities for better amenities, facilities, education, health-care and sources income trigger increase in urban population. Subsequently, this increasing population invited higher and wider local governing bodies, shifting from municipalities to municipal corporations. Maharashtra is one of the leading states in India with industrial, economic, financial, agricultural, educational and cultural advancements. The recent times showcase an abundant rise in urban population with formations of cosmopolitan demographic spaces. Approximately 377 million Indians including about 31% of the country’s population live in urban arena with annual average addition of 8 million as per the census of 2011. In Maharashtra, there are 27 Municipal Corporations which is highest number than other states. The suburbs of Mumbai, Thane and the cities annexing to these are over populated. As a result, along with Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation, many other cities also had to convert their municipalities into Municipal corporations.This paper shows a trend analysis of revenue income and expenditure with growth rate which indicate the continuous development of services provided through expenses and collecting revenue from various sources which reflect increase in tax payment and income to BMC.

Pratut sanshodhanat madhyamik shaletil iyatta 9 vi chya shaikshanik sampadanukicha abhyas savayee aani adhyayanshaili aslelya sahasambadhacha abhyas kela aahe.

Tourism is considered as a significant factor in the economy of many nations. Today tourism related infrastructure in various parts of the country has improved the quality of life of the local people and helped to promote local arts and crafts. Tourism has contributed to increase awareness about conservation of the environment and the cultural heritage. Tourism is the fastest growing industry in modern world. It is multifaceted phenomenon which involves movement to and stay in destination outside the normal place of residence. Tourism is composed of three basic elements: (a) Dynamic element which involves travel to a selected destination or destinations. (b) A static element which involves the stay in the destination. ( c) A consequential element resulting from the two preceding elements, which is concerned with effect on the economic, physical and social subsystems with which the tourist is directly or indirectly in contact. Tourism, especially ecotourism is the most promising sector in India. The rich diversity in the flora and fauna with a blessing of the beautiful natural attractions has encouraged Ecological Tourism in India. Tripura is such a state which has abundant natural beauty and potential for the development of Ecotourism. The purpose of this study is to understand the present status of ecotourism in Tripura and to study the problems and prospects of ecotourism development in Tripura. This study is based on secondary data. The study reveals that although Tripura has a huge potential of ecotourism development, not much efforts being made for its development. This may be because of lack of proper planning and interest from the government. The state lacks in basic infrastructural facilities like good hotels, accessible roads etc. For proper development of ecotourism government along with private partnership must take initiative to develop ecotourism in the state

Floriculture is the discipline of Horticulture and the study of growing flowers plant. The study reveals that due to suitable soil and agro-climatic condition for flower cultivation there is tremendous scope for commercial floriculture in Maharashtra. Maharashtra state even though seventh in area stands third in terms of production in recent years the production in state has taken momentum due to subsidy policy of state government. The NHB and NHM are two important schemes provide subsidy to growers from planting material to post harvesting of flowers. The present paper discussed subsidy policy of National Horticulture Mission for floriculture development in Maharashtra.

Ajatagayat sanyukta Maharashtra sandarbhat vipulata pramanat lekhan jale asale tari Maharashtra rajyachi sthapana hi mukhyatve karun bhashavar ya karyakramanusar jali he manya karave lagate.

Indian society is based on the basis of the caste system and the Hindu people are divided into as many as six thousand castes. The caste system is derived from the Varna system which is having sanction in Rig Veda (Xth Mandal). The Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya and Shudra are four Varnas in descending order, of which first three varnas are known as “Dvija”1, while Shudras are there to serve upper Varnas. Later on this Varna system gave birth to Caste system when there happened inter-Varna marriages because the blood purity was given prime importance by the Brahmins. The caste system forced many restrictions and injustices on the Shudras while the Brahmins enjoyed all kinds of privileges. The attempt here is to study the consequences of the caste system in the present context.

Viswabhushan Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar ji ke manavatavadi vichar bahuaayami hai. unhone hindu dharma hi chaturthavargat vishaata mitakar swatantrata, samat, nyay aur bandhuta ke aadhar par aadhunik bharat ka navnirman kiya.

Consumer behaviour is the study of how individual customers, groups or organizations select, buy, use, and dispose ideas, goods, and services to satisfy their needs and wants. It refers to the actions of the consumers in the marketplace and the underlying motives for those actions. Marketers expect that by understanding what causes the consumers to buy particular goods and services, they will be able to determine which products are needed in the marketplace, which are obsolete, and how best to present the goods to the consumers.

Canadian theatre has always been an exercise in inter-cultural negotiation, yet in the past few decades, the official multicultural legislation has provided opportunities for more artists belonging to ethnic minorities to consciously diversify our country’s theatre practice. Montreal based Indo-Canadian playwrights like Uma Parmeshwaran, Rana Bose, Rahul Varma have been leading figures in creating intracultural theatre, which seeks to question the discourse of multiculturalism. Rahul Varma along with his company TeesriDuniya Theatre, whose mandate is to produce socially and politically minded theatre that reflects Canada’s diversity, Rahul Varma has staged plays such as 'Counter Offence', 'No Man's Land', 'Bhopal' 'Equal Wages', Land Where The Trees Talk', etc. in order to create counter discursive spaces where the audience may examine ‘benign’ forces such as multiculturalism. His plays' dealt with racism, gender equality, identity crisis, Native Land Rights, work-place hazards, wife battering, and environmental colonialism among others. The present paper ventures to show Multiculturalism in the plays of Rahul Varma.

Samanya sharirik vadhisathi aani vikasathi niyamit sharirik upkram aavashyak aahe. Sharirik halchalimule mule fit hotat.

Shirgoan village as part of the rural settlement which can always effect the rural environment of nearby location. Socio-economic status of shirgoan village is mostly depended on education, income and occupation. Socio-economic condition makes much effect on housing condition, living condition, life style, education, health and other all functions in rural area. The education and income are important elements for Socio-economic assessments of rural population. The study was carrying out on the basis of primary data including the field survey with help of questioners and also collects the secondary data from grampanchayat of shirgoan village. This paper represent the Socio-economic assessments of shirgoan village with help of following parameters like, labour Force Participation, Agricultural Labour, Educational status, Language, & Caste status.

1980 nanterchya gramin kadambaritil shetakryachya aarthik samsyancha abhyas karatana tyamadhe savakari samasya.

Vijay Tendulkar is a significant name amongst the contemporary Marathi playwrights. He was born in 1928 and began his career as a journalist. He took up a job as a sub-editor of a Marathi weekly. He continued in this profession for a number of years, changing jobs and writing that he took up along side. He began with prose but soon switched over to drama. He has been a front runner among the avante-grade playwrights. He has written till date 30 full length plays, 23 one act plays. He has written screen plays for eight Marathi movies. He has written for popular movies such as Saamna (1975), Simhasan(1979), Umbartha (1981). Even Tendulkar Festival was organized in Oct- 2004 in New York by Indo-American Art Council. He has been called a literary journalist, humanist and a social critic by the I.A.C.C. Tendulkar’s earlier plays were sentimental his later plays were serious of their intent. They dealt with sex and violence. The impact of the twin human instincts on social fabric has been the prime concern of the playwright.

Tourism is one of the largest and fastest growing sector in world. These tourism sector providing largest employment. Tourism sector has play a major role in development process. Nowadays, India is having greater scope in tourism sector. This study is aimed to introduce exact situation and importance of many wonderful, useful distinctive places in Parner tehsil and emphasized the various geographical and religious aspects of developmental issues of the area. Parner tehsil is enriched of geographical, historical, and cultural tourism aspects. The object of study region is, to highlight the attractive tourist destinations and religious places in the region. This study based on primary and secondary data. Tourist attractions in the district as is, natural beauty, potholes, caves, temples, ideal village, industries, festivals etc. To the visit of tourist, which requires natural resources, infrastructural and transportation facilities, accommodation, food, recreation, sightseeing, shopping and variety of facilities and services for use and enjoyments. The source of tourism depends on all these facilities.

The UNFPS in Comprehensive Sex education states that every young person will one day have life-changing decisions to make about their sexual and reproductive health. The majority of adolescents lack the knowledge required to make those decisions responsibly. Which leads them vulnerable to coercion, sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancy. (UNFPA-2016)Education is the inevitable part of an individual’s development and growth. Adolescent period is the time where major reproductive changes takes place. Where an individual starts to think about self as well as observe the drastic changes happening in his/her physique, psycho, emotional and social aspects. An individual basically educated from home, school and society. The state also plays an important role to provide minimum education for an individual. Education includes all the aspects of life. Education must start from home and teachers and school continues it to make a healthy generation along with societal participation. In this context Sex education plays a vital role in an individual’s life especially in adolescent period. In this descriptive study the researcher deals with the parent’s opinion on need of Sex Education in schools in the context of Reproductive Health. The study conducted among 60 parents from CBSE School in Ernakulum district, Kerala. The self-prepared questionnaire administrated using convenient sampling. The data analysed using IBM-SPSS-20. The findings shows that more than one third of the parents (38.7%) don’t know the components of reproductive health syllabus the half of the respondent (54.8%) has opinion that the syllabus is not enough for real life.

The training is need of organizational development. Without training organization cannot perform smoothly and perfectly, to be with competitive world there is need of training and development. Day by day new and advance changes are occurring and to meet them the skilled force must be well trained and educated. Thus this paper focuses on the importance and need of training and development for the organizational development in private manufacturing industries

Consumer behaviour is a science as well as art.Consumer behaviour is an interdisciplinary and is based on concepts and theories. Consumer behaviour is a very new field , as it grows, it is influenced by many different perspectives. It has borrowed heavily from psychology (the study of the individual: individual determinants in buying behaviour), sociology (the study of groups: group dynamics in buying behaviour), social psychology (the study of how an individual operates in group/groups and its effects on buying behaviour), anthropology (the influence of society on the individual: cultural and cross-cultural issues in buying behaviour), and economics (income and purchasing power). Normally, we go buying and consuming variety of goods and services. The needs and attitudes of the customers and their buying behaviour differently depend upon the factors like, their income, location, sex, social status, tastes, likes and dislikes, psychology etc. and each consumer is unique and his unique is easily reflected in his consumption behaviour and pattern, and also process of purchase. In this paper, I have made an attempt to trace the study of psychological aspects of consumer’s behaviour. The present study has made an attempt to study the behaviour of personal consumers. Understanding the consumer behaviour is not an easy job because of the complexity involved. It also study has made an attempt to study the behaviour of personal consumer.

Technology plays an important role in information management although information management is not about techno9logy. Now days the role of information professionals is beyond issues related to displaying, cataloguing and indexing documents for end users. The library is a growing organism as per Dr. S. R. Ranganathan’s fifth law of library science. The growth of collection in terms of quality and quantity, the many subjects of interest to users, increasing costs and limited financial resources force librarians to used data for rational decisions. The present study very specially deals information products and services from the view points of the engineering college libraries. The study has been made meaningful by taking up the studies of with a special reference to selected engineering college libraries in RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur Area

Since the ancient time, there has been a sensitive balance between the human world, plantation and environment. But for the attainment of ultra comforts of life and the irresistible greed of comfort, the commodities are dismantling that ecological balance. Therefore, there is a great need to protect and preserve our environment. The study was conducted on randomly selected 100 post graduate students of humanities from different departments of the Panjab University, Chandigarh which comprised 50 female students and 50 male students. The main objectives were (i) To study the Attitude and Awareness level of students towards environment. (ii) To study the effect of gender of students on Awareness and Attitude towards environment. Self constructed multiple choice questionnaire regarding the environmental awareness and attitude towards the environment was made by the investigator as a tool for collecting the data. Mean, frequency and percentages were used as statistical techniques to analyse the collected data. The results of the study concluded that there is insignificant difference between the knowledge of male and female students regarding the environmental issues. The study may prove very useful in assessing the knowledge of youth and at the same time promoting their awareness about the environmental conservation. Finally, the study provides succinct suggestions towards conservation of environment for sustainable development.

Sadhya sthitit banka karit aslelya kamachi mahiti hone garajeche jale aahe. Bankanchi aarthik Sthiti aani Vyavahar lokansamor pardarshakpane yene aavashak jale aahe.

Digital simulations, computer assisted instructions, videos etc. to enhance learning have limited effects unless the traditional teaching model is transformed. Flipped learning is an innovative model of a classroom structure where the coverage of content occurs outside of the classroom learning space using video/podcasts and class time is made available for students to engage in hands-on collaborative learning. This study traces the evolution of student engagement in a activity oriented chemistry flipped classroom in comparison to a traditional class XI Chemistry course. The lecture content of the flipped class was delivered online via videos. Class time was utilized for problem solving and active student-centered learning. The content in traditional class was taught using lecture method. The learning environment and activity in both the classrooms were investigated using the WIHIC [What is happening in this class] inventory. Results of the quantitative data analysis support the efficacy of the instructional activities on the learning environment of the flipped classroom.

The study attempt to compare the awareness about educational opportunites of children with special needs of tribal parents with regard to their level of education and social setting. The sample for the study is total 150 tribal parents selected randomly for the study. An interview schedule for the parents is used to collect the information about the awreness of educational facilities of studnets with speical needs. The major findings of the study are literate tribal parents were more aware about educational opportunites of their children with special needs than illiterate parents. Furhter, educated parents were more aware about the educational opportunites of chidlren with special needs than illiterate parents.

The environmental education is the study of nature, natural resources, the interrelationship with man, human activities, disturbances of the environment and the attempts to improve the environment. It is an application of knowledge from different disciplines to study and manage the environment. It is also study of the conditions, circumstances and influences that affect life and how life in turn responds. Life requires the correct balance of environment condition to survive. Environmental study is based upon a comprehensive views of various environmental systems. It aims to make the citizens competent to do scientific work and to find out practical solution to current environmental problem.

Gharelukamgar ha rojgar vadhicha parinamataha arthvyavasthechya vikasacha ek mahatvacha ghatak banalela aahe.

Sugarcane is commercially grown in India for sugar production. The crop is affected by red rot caused by Colletotrichum falcatum Went. leading to severe yield loss. A study was undertaken to assess the impact of red rot on biochemical parameters of sugarcane var. Co 86032 and Co. 265 under field conditions. The result showed that primary photosynthetic pigments were reduced by 22.19 % and 16.09 % respectively compared to healthy leaves.. Infection caused a reduction in soluble sugar content accompanied by an increase in leaf starch content.

Student Teachers’ experiences in their pre-service journey are important because these experiences would determine the course of action they would take in their teaching-learning dissemination journey. Thus the present study attempts to expose pre-service teachers to reflective practices and qualitatively observe the changes in their reflective practice. The study explores how B.Ed student’s of the batch 2008-09 at K.J Somaiya Comprehensive College of Education & Research move from one level of reflection to another through the reflective thinking sessions conducted by the researcher. The participants of the study comprised of 13 pre-service teachers. The tools used for data collection comprise of writings of participants, researcher and observer; focused group discussion, interviews, observation, memos, reflective diaries of the participants, observer and the researcher, and written assignments of the participants. Research findings are validated through triangulation techniques. The study is a qualitative inquiry and the research methodology adopted is Grounded Theory. This study uses constant comparative method of data analysis which helps discuss the research question. The final part of the paper proposes a theory in order to enable participants to move systematically from one level of reflection to another. The study aims at exposing teacher education planners and policy makers to the need to incorporate the teaching of reflective thinking skills in teacher education programs.

Indian economy has introduced with the reform measures in 1991, the government has launched many promotional and innovative programs to increase the competitiveness in the Micro, Small & Medium Enterprise (MSMEs) sector. MSMEs are considered to be the engine of economic growth. For the developing countries like India, MSMEs plays vital role in streamlining of the economy. In spite if their great importance, this sector is facing number of constraints like inadequate finance, inability in the procurement of raw material, absence of innovative technology, improper manufacturing and distribution channels etc. According to the estimate there are 26.1 million MSME’s in the country. Millions of these enterprises, considered the backbone of an economy. MSME’s contributes 47% of countries industrial output. MSME’s plays an important economic role by generating employment and income, and by contributing significantly to economic development. The MSME’s sector deserves all possible support. In India, these MSME’s are being provided with the financial instruments by the institutional credit and credit by non-banking financial companies (NBFC). The MSME enterprises are neglected by the banks. In India, the non-banking financial companies consist of large number of privately owned. There are 41,000 NBFC’s are working in India. The review of literature assures that there are various problems in availing the finance from financial institutions and which does varies region wise or sector wise. This paper tries to identify the Problems faced by the MSMEs while availing the finance from the banking institutions.

Among the physically and well defined regions, South Asia has been amongst the few that has been very tardy in reorganising the benefits of a regional system of co-operation. Until recently South Asia saw very little action rewards regionalism, although there has been plenty of articulation about what regional cooperation, can achieve. The reason is simple and well known. The region is confronted with historical animosities, territorial disputes and political diversity. They reflectively knocked out the possibility of true regional harmony for a long time. South Asia, today, present an immensely interesting, even if at times baffling and irritating scenario. It presents an intriguing paradox, for it is a region of great racial diversity with innumerable cultures, languages, and regions. Yet, as a region it has distinctive and unmistakable identity. SAARC represents more than one-fifth of humanity and have common problems of hunger, poverty, malnutrition, illiteracy and under development. SAARC countries share common history, strong cultural links and significant economic ties.

Bank thevi swikarun aani itar bankakadun kivva sansthankadun karja gheun nidhi milavatat. yalach bankeche khalate bhandaval ase mhanatat.

Growth of population means any change in population in number, further it refers to the growth of the human population in a particular area during a specific period of time. The net change in population between two points in time is expressed in percentage and is described as the growth rate of population. Population growth is also measured in terms of absolute increase. The study of population growth, particularly in a developing region, unfolds various facts of man environment relationship and the quality of human life. The study of growth rate is important from the view point of future planning. Analysis of gender wise growth rate is essential because it effects on demography of the region as well as its future trend is also controlled by the gender wise growth rate. Therefore attempt is made here to analyze spatial pattern of growth rate of male population in Kolhapur district. The paper is based on secondary data source. To analyze of decadal variation in the growth rate of male population within the study area, the tahsils of Kolhapur district are divided into high, medium, low with the help of Mean and Standard deviation

The study investigated the role conflict and emotional intelligence among secondary school teachers. A sample of about 100 male and 100 female secondary school teachers were randomly selected from government and private school affiliated to PSEB board Amritsar district. Teacher’s Role Conflict Inventory (Prasad & Bhushan; 1991) and Teacher’s Emotional Intelligence Inventory (Mangal, 2008) were used for collecting the data. The findings of the study revealed that there exists no significant difference in role conflict and emotional intelligence of government and private secondary school teachers. However no relationship between role conflict and emotional intelligence of secondary school teachers was found

The study of absenteeism is very important for any college. The word absenteeism means the absence of student from class when he is scheduled to be present at school/college. When teacher has no information in advance, that the student will not reputed for class if he has taken leave to which he is entitled or on ground of sickness or in case of accident. Thus absence may authorized or unauthorized wilful or caused by circumstance beyond teacher's control.Absences create a dead, tiresome, unpleasant classroom environment that makes students who come to class uncomfortable and the lecturer irritable (Marburger 2001).Absenteeism disturbs the dynamic teaching-learning environment and adversely affects the overall well-being of classes(Segal 2008).Student absenteeism also causes rework and wasted time for lecturers (Lalek 1995,Rumberger 1997).In quality terms; absenteeism is a waste of educational resources, time and human potential. According to Williams (2000), Students who have absenteeism problems generally suffer academically and socially. Studies indicate that students who are absent have lower achievement and may be penalized on test scores(Barker andJansen 2000). Continued loss of instruction or poor academic achievement among students with high absenteeism is essential characteristics of students who later dropout of school(Mayer and Mitchel 1996).In India in almost all universities and colleges 75% attendance is mandatory failing which can either affect the grade of the student or even end in his failure.

Avasad vikrutiche mapan karane aani avsad vikrutis karanibhut tharnarya manosamajik karan ghatakancha abhyas karanarya hetune sanshodhan hati ghenyat aale. Preview

Bharatatil shetimadhe vividh ase gundharma asun bharatiya shetichi utpadakata hi ita deshatil shetipeksha nakkich jast supik a vishesh gundharma asleli aahe.

The present study is an attempt to find out the impact of self-regulated learning on academic achievement of senior secondary school students. A sample of 150 students studying in of 11th and 12th class selected randomly from two schools of Rohtak city. Test of Self-Regulated Learning Scale by Gupta and Mehtani was used to collect the data. Academic achievement of the students was determined on the basis of marks obtained in previous class (10th Class marks).Mean, Standard Deviation and ‘t’ test was used to analyse the data. The findings of the study revealed that academic achievement score of students belonging to high selfregulated learning group is higher than mean academic achievement score of students belonging to moderate and low self regulatory learning group, while academic achievement score of students belonging to moderate self-regulated learning group is higher than mean academic achievement score of students belonging to low self regulatory learning group.

Ya vakyat sampurna pruthvitalacha dolara pelala aahe. Karan shastracha aadhar aahe vidnan aani tarkacha aadhar aahe tantradnan tin prakarat vibhagalelya ya jagala bhavitavya denara ekmev upay vidnan aani tantradnan aahe.

Entrepreneurship is an innovative and dynamic process, whereby, a new enterprise is created Entrepreneur is a catalytic agent of change, which generates employment opportunities for others. The emergence of entrepreneurs in a society depends to a great extent on the economic, social, religious, cultural and psychological factor prevailing in the society. Entrepreneurship amongst women is a recent phenomenon. When an enterprise is established and controlled by a woman, it not only boosts economic growth, but also has many desirable outcomes. Rural women possess abundant resources to take up an enterprise. Hence she can effectively undertake both production and processing oriented enterprises. But to be a successful entrepreneur, women should process certain fundamental qualities beside the support of the family and government organizations. Women entrepreneurs play an important role in local economies, and a large percentage of micro-enterprises in developing countries are undertaken by women. Increasingly women in urban and rural areas are successfully turning to self-generated employment in small-scale enterprise activities in the informal sector to support their households. Rural women frequently have primary responsibility for agricultural production, in addition to domestic responsibilities and childcare. In many countries, women are the majority of workers in nonstandard work, such as temporary, casual, multiple part time, contract and home-based activities. SHG is promoting micro enterprise through micro-credit intervention. The paper highlights the issues concerning women entrepreneurship, SHGs, reasons to promote, micro enterprises development, role of women in microenterprises, advantages and challenges and so on.

In present work, Ruthenium and Indium doped Cdse thin films were synthesized using the chemical bath deposition Technique on the fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate. The crystal structure and surface composition of the doped CdSe thin film are obtained by X-ray diffraction patterns, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and FE-SEM images. The optical properties of obtained films were characterized by UV-visible spectral analysis. The UV- visible study reflects the transmittance and band gap in the range of 1.65 to 1.75 eV. Thermogravimetric analysis of doped CdSe in temperature region from zero to 1000 ⁰C confirms the weight loss of 10 % in the range from 200 to 250 ⁰C due to the removal of water contents from the film surface. Preview

Panyala jivan mhanatat. Manavi jivan panchmahabhutanni banale aahe. Aajmitis bhedsavanare paryavaraniya prashna yapurvi bhedsavat hote.

Process of development has resulted in problem of environmental imbalance and various concerns damaging environment and creating issues related future environmental protection. Dams are built across valley to store water for sole or multipurpose. They provide various benefits from recreational facilities to revenue generation, helping farming or preventing floods. Dams have always been very important in process of development. One of main reasons to construct a dam is to satisfy everyday need of water for domestic use as well as to provide water for agriculture purpose. Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru used to call them “Temples of Morden India”. Although there are benefits of dam construction, but in the context of climate change and growing global demand for electricity, recent experience has shown that many dams have serious negative environmental, human, and political consequences. Thus, construction of dams also results in environmental refugees.The present research is an empirical study of environmental refugees and their impact on climate change.The present paper is the case study of Dapchari and Khuballa village of Palghar district of Maharashtra.