Human are social beings and have the power to think. As a result of the thinking process they produce some ideas and everyone wants to express one’s ideas to others. But for the expression of his ideas or knowledge or emotions, one needs some medium and language presents itself as a powerful medium of expression. Thus one can rightly say that language is one of the unique possessions of man. What distinguishes a man from others animals is language? Everyone makes use of it, be it a beggar or a king. It makes possible the keeping of records and the creation of a store of knowledge. It is the basis of all creative thoughts without language there would be no progress, no civilization, no culture. The cultural heritage of man resides in language only. Language plays a vital role in our society. Without language personality cannot be developed and society cannot be enriched in human personality has much to do with effective use of language.

In the era of globalization, knowledge is at the core of all development efforts in advancing economic and social well- being of the people. The nations are now transiting to a knowledge society where the quality and relevance of education would play a crucial role in economic development. The developed and the developing countries now are looking in for quality assurance in education. To prepare the youth for lifelong learning, the schools need to prepare its teachers to focus on higher and lifelong education. The teacher has to be equipped with all the knowledge required for effective teaching. Only through professional development and lifelong learning teacher can fulfill their roles and responsibilities within the education system. The learning will help to deepen and broaden content knowledge and enable teachers to anticipate and prepare for change in the teaching-learning process. Educational challenges place new complex demands on education. Therefore there is a need to change the ways in which we work and learn together. Supporting adult learning is positively linked to improved student achievement (DuFour, 2007; Guskey, 1999 ;). This paper focusses on the new prospective and practices that can support adult development within the schools and offers a map which can be used to support adult learning in the school teacher community. It talks about teaming, engaging in collegial enquiry and how the higher education institutes can help in the continuous and lifelong learning of the school teachers.

The present study has tried to explore the differences in teaching skills of pupil teachers being developed in teacher training institutions and the requirement of existing schools. The study has also tried to explore the academic skill of pupil teachers and the requirement of existing school of Govt. and private schools. The study has also tried to explore the administrative & co curricular skill of pupil teachers and the requirement of existing school of Govt. and private schools. The result reveled significant different in teaching skill of pupil teacher being developed in teacher training institutions & the requirement of existing Govt. & private school

This resource is intended to offer guidance to individuals, Research Scholars and to Schools on how to facilitate peer observation of teaching (POT). POT is a formative process where a colleague (or peer group) observes another individual‟s teaching and offers structured feedback on this teaching. The aim is to enhance learning through critical reflection upon teaching practice by the person observed as well as by the peer observer, and ultimately to enhance the quality of teaching and student learning. At the University of Glasgow, there are some Schools and Colleges whose staff regularly undertake POT. These include participants on the Postgraduate Certificate in Academic Practice (PGCAP) at the Learning & Teaching Centre, and some staff in other areas. These guidelines aim to provide clear information on POT in order for staff and Schools within the university to decide upon whether POT is appropriate, and if so, what kind of peer observation is most appropriate and how peer observation could be undertaken within their own specific disciplinary contexts. It is intended that within the University of Glasgow, the POT process and outcomes will be collegial and constructive. This document includes: rationales for why POT is considered to be valuable; principles of POT; stages of the peer observation process; some examples of forms which could be used for undertaking POT feedback and discussion; and guidance on different ways in which Schools might wish to engage in POT in practice.

Among the different component of natural environment, water is the most important component. Adequate supply of the safe water is essential for maintaining the health and sanitary conditions. Not only this, water as the natural resource has influence on almost every aspect of the development. Many people in the developing world are unable to get enough water to meet their basic requirement for drinking or other essential purpose. India is considered rich in terms of annual rainfall and total water available at the national level; however, the uneven distribution of the resource cause regional and temporal shortage of water. The rapid increase in the country’s population, from about 343 million at the time of independence to over 1000 million in 2000, accompanied by the growth of agriculture, industrialisation, rapid urbanisation, economic growth and improved access to the basic services has resulted in an increase in the demand of water. The widening gap between the demand and supply has led to a substantial increase in the share of ground water consumption by the industrial, agricultural and domestic sectors. Sporadic urbanisation is mainly responsible for the inadequate supply of the portable water. Most of the cities in India is depend on the monsoon. Therefore uncertainty or delay in the monsoon create adequate water crisis in Indian metro every year. Proper and efficient water supply is necessary to solve the problem. The purpose of the sustainable water management is simply to manage our water resources while taking into account the needs of present and future user.

This paper deals with the quality education in schools in Indian perspectives. A quality education in schools is a strong base for the coming higher education. The India philosophers and great thinkers have regarded quality of education as that which helps children to become conscience and productive citizen so that they are able to face future challenges in their life. Quality education includes: Learners who are healthy, wellnourished and ready to participate and learn, and supported in learning by their families and communities; Environments that are healthy, safe, protective and gender-sensitive, and provide adequate resources and facilities; Content that is reflected in relevant curricula and materials for the acquisition of basic skills, especially in the areas of literacy, numeracy and skills for life, and knowledge in such areas as gender, health, nutrition, HIV/AIDS prevention and peace; Processes through which trained teachers use child-centred teaching approaches in well-managed classrooms and schools and skilful assessment to facilitate learning and reduce disparities; Outcomes that encompass knowledge, skills and attitudes, and are linked to national goals for education and positive participation in society. The authors try to discuss the quality dimensions like teaching methods, teaching-learning environment, teaching –learning process, teaching – learning materials, instructional strategies, monitoring of the school activities and co-operation of the school management committees in school activities. The present system of higher education does not serve the purpose for which it has been started. In general education itself has become so profitable a business that quality is lost in the increase of quantity of professional institutions with quota system and politicization adding fuel to the fire of spoil system, thereby increasing unemployment of graduates without quick relief to mitigate their sufferings in the job market of the country. Thus, we should think of quality and quantity, both, in our education system. This will lead the way of school education towards higher education

Travel and tourism is one of the largest service industries in the world which deals with the human beings. Tourism industry provides employment opportunities to the local people. Tourist’s satisfaction is the most relevant variable when analyzing tourists behaviour as it influence on the choice of destination. The tourists and residents of the place can play a major role in tourism development. Good conduct of tourist, increase the popularity of the tourist place.

This study was conducted with a sample of 800 higher secondary students of Cuddalore district of Tamilnadu, India. Their achievement in Chemistry and Chemistry learning environment were studied. Study shows high level achievement and good Chemistry Learning Environment. Subsamples show difference with respect to Management of schools and Religion for Achievement in Chemistry and for Learning Environment Locality of School and Religion shows differences.

This paper sheds light on capitalism and its projection in the novel „The Mayor of Casterbridge‟. Capitalism is exposed through the main characters in the novel. It deals with various types of businesses are put forward in relation with agriculture, industrialism and machineries. „Sale of wife‟ is also taken as business. Capitalism leads to consume anything which is present in the world. This paper analyzes the ill effects on the society.

India has a long tradition of saints, poets, devotees, mystics and religious traditions and the changing patterns of devotion from time to time and from sect to sect. The hybridity in cultures, languages and religions in India has produced abundant material in the course of time that has been attracting scholars all over the world. Man has been worshipping god, nature or virtues. Mysticism is a record of man’s worship of god, almighty or the nature. History is evident that man has been taking refuge of religion to express his mysticism. Similarly, women who could not express their discontent against the parochial codes openly embraced mysticism. Religion provides them the courage to attack the pompous patriarchal and religious practices, as well as the solace and escape from the tyranny of the cryptograph of man dominated society. This paper attempts to explore the mysticism in the poetry of Lal Ded, the fourteenth century Kashmiri female poet. Her poetry is a confluence of Saivism and Sufism. The religious ecstasy in her Vakhs exhibits the mysticism that is captured by a female poet of the fourteenth century wherein the impact of Muslim intrusion was very strong in the valley. Her poetry not only celebrates the power of the Almighty but also attack inhuman treatment that she gets from the contemporary society due to her religious conviction. The man dominated society attempted to suppress Lal Ded and her poetry. Even the historians seem biased as they do not write about Ded. Still, Lal Ded emerges as one of the dominant voices in the tradition of Indian female mystics.

The world of today is largely the product of development that has taken place in the field of science with an advanced technology of computer. Computer education is understood in the broadest sense i.e. the preparation of whole society for the computer age. To cope with the present and future demand, there is need for introducing computer education in all stages of education including schools and university education. Therefore, keeping in view the importance of computers in day-to-day life of the students, the present study was undertaken to investigate the attitude of senior secondary school students towards computer with reference to certain demographic variables. For this purpose, a sample of 200 senior secondary school students belonging to science and arts streams was chosen from District Shimla of Himachal Pradesh. Gender wise and locality wise distribution of student was also done. The data so collected was analyzed and interpreted on the basis of mean, S.D. and ttest. The findings of the study revealed a significant difference in the attitude of senior secondary school students towards computer in relation to gender. However, no significant difference in the attitude of senior secondary school students towards computer was reported with respect to stream and locality.

Since the mid-1970s, there has been a large number of studies deriving from the work of Marton and his co-workers (Marton & Säljö, 1976, 1997). There is now a set of concepts used to suggest a framework of influences on the quality of learning, some of which stem from the student’s own experience, while others describe aspects of the teaching-learning environment being provided by staff. There would not be general agreement about which concepts to include, several probably would attract broad support. Students’ prior educational experiences are reflected in their conceptions of learning (Säljö, 1979; Marton & Säljö, 1997) or epistemological beliefs (Perry, 1970; Hofer & Pintrich, 1997), and also in their reasons for studying and learning orientations (Beaty, Gibbs & Morgan, 1997). Early work on the influences of the contexts within which learning takes place showed that a deep approach was related to what students perceive as ‘good teaching’ and ‘freedom in learning’ (choice in what and how to learn), while a heavy work load was linked to a surface approach. It has subsequently been established that multiple-choice questions and short answer tests tend to induce surface approaches (Scouller, 1998), and it has been suggested that some more open forms of assessment (certain types of essay, authentic problems and project reports) encourage deep approaches, although systematic investigation of these effects is still lacking. But it is students’ perceptions of the teaching and assessment procedures, rather than the methods themselves, that affect student learning most directly (Ramsden, 1997; Entwistle, 1998 a, b). The effects of different forms of teaching and assessment led researchers to investigate differences in the ways in which university teachers describe their teaching and carry it out. From similar research came a set of concepts paralleling the work on student learning.

The present study is confined to manufacture of transport equipments and parts industry of organised manufacturing sectors of Punjab for the period of 1980-81 to 2002-03, at three digit level. Major source of data for the study is Annual Survey of Industries (ASI). Growth rate of total factor productivity is positive and significant for the transport equipment and parts industry in pre-reform period ; however, this momentum could not be maintained in post-reform period, where growth rate turned to negative. Growth rate of total factor productivity of transport equipment and parts industry and at its disaggregate level [manufacture of motor vehicle industry (NIC-341), manufacture of railways and tramway locomotives and rolling stock industry (NIC-352) and manufacture of transport n.e.c. industry (NIC-359)] is higher in pre-reform period as compared to the post-reform period.