The role of teacher is becoming more and more challenging in the present scenario of education field. There is a wide scope for innovations and new practices in the process of teaching and learning. Philosophers and psychologists in the 1930s and 40’s such as John Dewey, Kurt Lewin, and Morton also influenced the cooperative learning theory practiced today. David and Roger Johnson have been actively contributing to the cooperative learning theory. In 1975, they identified that cooperative learning promoted mutual liking, better communication, high acceptance and support, as well as demonstrated an increase in a variety of thinking strategies among individuals in the group. Various types of cooperative learning are formal, informal, group-based and base group learning. Brown &Ciuffetelli Parker (2009) and Siltala (2010) discussed the5 basic and essential elements to cooperative learning. Different techniques of Cooperative Learning can be applied for the innovative practices. Team teaching can also play a vital role in effective teaching.Team teaching is an approach which involves true team work between two qualified instructors who, together, make presentations to an audience. Good preparation can prove the team teaching a better option for the fatigue in lecture method. With proper planning and effortsan individual can overcome the limitations of cooperative learning and team teaching

Deshachya aarthik vikasat bankanchi bhumika mahatvachi asate. Banka bachatila gati detat. Bankamule bachat karanare aani karja denare ekatra yetat.

Multi-cultural classroom describes the existence, acceptance, tolerance and promotion of multiple cultural traditions in a classroom. It is usually considered in terms of culture associated with an aboriginal ethnic group and foreigner ethnic groups. It is generally found when a jurisdiction is created or expanded by amalgamating areas with two or more different cultures. It may be beneficial for students to develop social and ethical values. It can be seen as giving more exposure to students. On the other hand it may create negative impact such as fear of influence, risk of social conflicts. Hence, the present study aimed to study pros and cons of multi-cultural classroom

Shaleya shikshan ha vidyarthyanchya shaikshanik pragatimadhala mahatvacha tappa aahe. Dr. Balasaheb Vikhe Patil yanni gramin bhagachya vikasasathi shaleya shikshan mahatvache manale .

In 21st century, beyond the traditional area of general intelligence, intrapersonal and interpersonal skills like emotional intelligence, adjustment, creativity, ability of reasoning, problem – solving etc. are at the center of concern. According to Goleman (1995), IQ alone is no more the only measure for success; emotional intelligence and social intelligence also play a big role in person’s life. Human beings experience the most difficult changes during their adolescence. According to Dr. G. Aruna Mohan (2009), adjusted children satisfies majority of his psychological needs on reality level. Education psychology denotes the contribution of emotional intelligence and adjustment to students’ performance, health and high sprit. Emotions, being the most significant component of personality, play an important role in one’s life.

Manav-man ka sochana, vichar karana ya anubhav karana ek bhasha ke madhyam se hi abhivyakti hota hai. Yese me bhasha ka pramukh uddeshya hi hai- vicharo ka aadan-pradan karana.

A potter uses clay to create works of art. There are a wide variety of clays to choose from each with the own unique properties. The clay a potter chooses depends on what they want the finished products to look and feel like. Many different tools are used in this profession, including carving tools, modes, pottery wheels and kilns. After molding clay into a desired shape, the pottery maker places it in a kiln, a specialized oven that dries and hardness the clay. After the piece has baked in the kiln, it is removed, painted and then glazed. Basic artist ability is important and can be further developed and refined over time and practice. Creativity is also important as a professional artist must able to constantly come up with new ideas that are interesting, appealing, and unique. Many potters are self-employed, and can usually set their own hours. They make money by selling their works to individuals via art galleries, craft fairs, and personal studio shows rooms. Some also sell their wares online. Typically, self - employed pottery makes have an art studio in which they do their work.Rural small scale sector particularly brick kilins industry plays an important role in rural economy. Hence this study, an attempt is made to analyze the Perception of Brick Kilns Manufacturers towards their Production – Analysis with Reference to Mekkirimangalam Village.

Higher education plays an important role in the economic development of any economy. Globalization has brought education to the forefront and colleges/universities are vying with each other to lure the best possible talents. In the midst of all these are the two Asian countries India and China who have been drawing a lot of attention in recent times. Higher education in India has a long history dating way back to 4th century BC. She has a universally acclaimed Brain Power. Our system has a number of advantages such as large education sector, widespread use of English as a medium of instruction, Prowess in the fields of science and technology, political stability etc. The system, however, is not devoid of demerits. They include poor infrastructure, faculty crunch, bureaucratic inertia, dualistic system of education, outdated syllabus etc. China on the other hand is currently the fastest growing economy ranking first in the world in terms of enrolment. After being under rigid political rule and being influenced by the Soviet Union, the economy implemented reforms in higher education in 1977. Since then the economy has been progressing. The system has advantages in terms of increasing number of foreign students, rising number of institutions, emphasis on research etc. Chinese system of higher education also has demerits in the form of neglect of humanities and social sciences, Chinese legacy, disparity between funding and equity etc. A comparison between the two highlights China’s advancement over India in terms of quality, Gross enrolment Ratio, and growth of high quality institutions. The Global Competitiveness Report of 2014- 15, indicates that while India ranks 61, China ranks 30. It is predicted that India will top the world by 2030. However, this has to be accompanied by quality improvement and by laying greater emphasis on research and innovations if India has to make her mark as an Intellectual Super Power.

In Deccan area the entire land was divided into three parts (i) The State land known askhalisa, bhandaravada or muamala, (ii) The land granted to the military, commanders for the maintenance of troops (amara, moqasas) while the land allotted to the officials in lieu of their salaries was known as jagirs and soranjams; and(iii) The revenue-free land grants (manya, inam). Peasant holdings were known as miras and peasant rights as mirasi rights. Land under direct control of the state was placed in the charge of moqasadars, who could be transferred at king's will, but generally held the post for long and even, at times, were succeeded by their sons. The peasant was the owner of land. Instances of communal ownership also existed. Some land (mostly waste) also belonged to the entire village with the Panchayat as its custodian.

Job satisfaction is playing a significant role in every organisation. It is the feeling an employees for doing a particular job. Job expectations differ from person to person. Some individuals may be interested in challenging jobs while others may be interested in routine work. Still, there are some factors that may be prepared to do any work for the sake of monetary benefits. Performance is vital role for job satisfaction. Only those who have the ability will be able to perform. Therefore, the present study is to focus analyse the job satisfaction of employees in private sector banks in Sirkali Town.

Bharatiya putima shastriya parspara me shiv yevam parvati ki sayukta murti ke rup uma-maheshwar bhi paryapta lokpriya tha, shiv ke anya swarup ke saman.

Medical Tourism is the growing practice of travelling across international borders to obtain health care. It is an economic activity that entails trade in services and represents the mixing of two of the largest world industries: medicine and tourism. In India, medical tourism has been growing at a faster pace and many private hospitals are doing their best to exploit this opportunity. Now a days medical tourism is defined in many researches, as the act of traveling to other countries to obtain medical, dental and surgical care or it may include complementary and traditional medicine like spa, black mud&shore sand packing etc. It also includes medical services like knee&hip replacement, heart surgery, dental procedures and different cosmetic surgeries.The key competitive advantage of India in medical tourism are low cost, strong reputation in the advanced health care segment and the diversity of tourist destinations available in the country.

The large number of scheduled tribes groups in India. They are situated in the small areas like in mountains, forests and in some part of the river valleys, plain area. The total tribal groups in India are 705 and they have some subgroups too. According to the Indian Census, 2011, the population of tribal’s is 8.6% of the total population of the country. The numbers of tribal groups in Maharashtra are 47 and the population of tribal’s in Maharashtra is 9.28%. These groups are economically backward and have been away from civilian life. The constitutional provisions of the Constitution of India have been made by the constitution makers for raising civilian life. Ministry of Tribal Affairs has been constituted to implement these provisions intensively. Also, the National Scheduled Tribal Commission has been set up. At the state level, the Ministry of Tribal Development has also been established. Through this ministry, various developmental programmes have been initiated to implement planned development up to the grassroot level. Article 342, Indian Constitution, tribal groups are referred to as Scheduled Tribes. In order to develop these tribal communities politically and administratively, the reservation in political, administrative and co-operative have been made in the constitution of India. Some representative assembly constituencies at the state level have been reserved for the tribals as well as local selfgovernment and co-operative institutions have been reserved for their representation. Accordingly, the attempts to implement strategic programms at the constitutional level. Apart from this, women reservation policy has been introduced to bring tribal women ahead. This is a constitutional attempt to strengthen women. In addition to this, in the administrative area of the Indian Constitution, provision has been made to give opportunity to the tribal’s to reserve seats in the central-state and other local self-government. After 10 years of the Indian Constitution came into existence, the tribal’s were expected to fully absorb all these political and administrative services through reservation. It has not been intensively implemented. Since, seven decades have gone by the process of continuation of the reservation process needs to be repeated. It shows that constitutional bodies have also been weak in achieving development. Therefore, it is always a challenge of developing the tribal sub-plan for the Indian Governmental system. This is the topic of contemplation of the fundamentals. Therefore, the concept of social science is leading to the formation of the key. The researcher has tried to study this subject.

The term biodiversity is a combination of two terms viz., ‘bio’ which means life and ‘diversity’ which means variety or richness. Biodiversity is the number and variety of species found within a specified geographic region. The term biological diversity was used first by wildlife scientist and conservationist Raymond F. Dasmann in 1968. The term’s contracted form ‘biodiversity’ was coined by W.G. Rosen in 1985. UNESCO designated 2011-2020 as the UN Decade on biodiversity. Before that, the year 2010 was celebrated by UN as International Year of Biodiversity. The slogan of the biodiversity year was “Biodiversity is life, Biodiversity is our life’. Various programmes on this regard were conducted all around the globe, which emphasized the need and importance of the participation of people from all walks of life, especially students all around the globe in the biodiversity conservation activities. Education, being the most powerful tool for social change is the precise weapon to fight against biodiversity depletion and degradation. This paper is an attempt to describe the various strategies to empower students for biodiversity conservation.

Bharatat ek mulyavishtit loksattak pradhan rajkiya vyavastha aahe. Bharatatil lokshahine bahupaksha padhhaticha swikar kelela aahe.

Pashchatyikaranamule yekunach sarvamanya gairsamaj rudh jalela aahe ki vyavasthapanshasra he pahilya mahayuddhananter udyas aalele aani gelya pannnas te sath varshat vikasit jalele shatra aahe.

The MSME sector is considered the backbone of Indian economy with a contribution of 38% to India’s GDP, 40% share of exports and 37% share of the manufacturing output, apart from it employing almost 120 million across the country. The MSME sector is expected to contribute significantly to India's growing GDP. It is projected that this sector will improve India’s financial inclusion and lessen the urban-rural divide. Again, it is expected that by 2020, India will have the largest job ready, youth population in the world and this sector will not only generate employment of significant level but will also become the hotbed of entrepreneurial activities. The government realizes the urgency for providing a congenial atmosphere to foster the growth of Indian MSME and 2017 witnessed the strengthening of current policies and introduction of new initiatives to improve the business environment for MSMEs. The implementation of the much-awaited GST Bill has benefitted MSMEs not only with simpler tax structure, but also with improved technology adoption in order to comply with GST system.. The GST bill is set to revolutionize the Indian tax system and offer the SME sector an equal footing as compared to their bigger, more-established counterparts. The present study aims to pinpoint the latest trends that have been seen in the MSME sector of India.

Prachin kalapasun bharatiya danach mahatva aani datrutva yavishayeeche bharpur charcha jaleli disate.

The purpose of this paper was to examine the relationship between Locus of Control and academic achievement of male and female under B.Ed pupil teachers of Rohtak district. The study was conducted on a sample of 120 male and female of B.Ed pupil teachers, from B.Ed colleges of Rohtak district. Then adaptation of Hasnain and Joshi’s Locus of Control scale was used to assess the locus of control of the pupil teachers. The result indicated that there was no significant positive correlation between external locus of control and academic achievement of the pupil teachers. Futher it was found that male and female of B.Ed pupil teachers having internal Locus of Control help better academic achievement than male and female of B.Ed pupil teachers their external Locus of Control.

Use of fresh water for watering of garden and lawns of big premises like university, landscape irrigation of multinational companies, municipal corporations and townships at the outskirts of cities, gardens and golf course of military formations is becoming impracticable due to water crisis and is more true in summer. About 80 % of water supplied to consumers gets converted in to sewage. Sewage is rich in plant nutrients and when it reaches to water bodies like river, lake it encourages the growth of algae, water hyacinth and degrades the water quality. Recycle and re-use of wastewater is need of the time for water conservation. Nutrients from the sewage can be recycled back to soil by the use of treated sewage for gardening and agriculture where huge volume of water is required every day. Cluster of population have septic tanks for sewage treatment and disposal. Providing an engineering solution to environmental problems at optimum resources is a challenging task. The present paper makes an effort towards the sustainable development of sewage treatment by suggesting a methodology to upgrade an existing septic tank.

Anubhuti means learning by experience that journeys through different experiments; involving understanding, acceptance or rejection of the outcome. Anubhuti is a process of living. The logo of “Anubhuti” is the emerging Sun which indicates the journey from darkness to light,from darkness to realization - exemplifying the joy of young minds seeking unexplored frontiers of knowledge. Education is a by-product of practical work. Knowledge and work are one.

All the public libraries anywhere in the world were established with a basic motto ‘providing information to the right person at right time’. For providing information, the public library had to rely mainly on its basic services such as circulation, cataloguing, reference, newspaper reading, periodicals etc. The existing staff in public libraries may be having hard times with the modernization in library services as they are providing traditional services from year. They must be in need of training for adopting the newer technology and use the same in their routine work. In this paper, an attempt has been made to find out the education qualification and pattern of working staff in centennial public libraries in Vidarbha region.

The man for whom ‘Work was life and life was work’ can also be connoted as ‘Son of the soil’ or ‘The farmers’ champion’, as well, who is none other than ‘Bhavarlal Jain’, founder Chairman of Jain Irrigation Systems- which owned 30% in the Bombay Stock Exchange-listed firm, had featured among India’s richest in with a fortune of more than $600 million. The second-largest microirrigation company in the world, Jain Irrigation has revenues of over $1 billion, 30 factories and supplies to 116 countries.

" Shikshan he vaghiniche dudh asun... Jyache te pile te gurguralyashivay rahat nahi. " Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar. "Dr. Babasaheb Aambedkar he 20 vya shatakatil ek utsuk vyaktimatva, vicharvant,budhivant aani thor rashtravadi manun olakhale jate.

The General Assembly of the United Nations defines Culture of Peace as “All the values, attitudes and forms of behaviours that reflect respect for life, for human dignity and for all human rights, the rejection of violence in all its forms and commitment to the principles of freedom, justice, solidarity, tolerance and understanding between people.” In order to be there a culture of peace, the world must learn to live together peacefully. In the process of weaving a culture of peace the role of education is vital. Initiating a peaceful culture should start from the teacher itself, because the role of teacher is very crucial in inculcating values, attitudes, behaviours, habits among the children. The teachers must bring change in themselves first, to be the peace-builders. Hence the present study used the Quasi-Experimental pre-test-post-test non-equivalent group design to develop culture of peace among student-teachers. The modules of innovative strategies were designed by the researcher and implemented on Experimental group. The inferential analysis used t-test, paired t-test and ANCOVA. The results show that innovative strategies were useful in developing culture of peace among student-teachers

Aadivasi ya deshache khare malak asatana ya deshachya samaj vyavasthet tyanche shoshan hot aahe.

Sarvasamanyapane 14 varshapeksha kami vayachi mule hi balak ya sandnes patra thartat.

Dr. Babasaheb Aambedkar aarthik talmaliche aani hadache sachhe patrakar, sanshodhan, chikitsak, vyasang, sampadak asha samajamadhun patrakariche kharekhure aadya shilpakar aani talagalitalya sarvasamanya ghatakatil sarva soyee aani mulbhut halkanpasun vanchit aslelya durlakshit samajache spandhan tyanchya jwalant prashnana vacha phodun lekhanrupi samarthyacha joracha ghav ghalun satymanthan sampadan karanare karanare bharatiya vruttapatra drushtitil ekmev patrakar mhanaje Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar hot.

Maharashtra rajyatil sarva vyavasthapanachya shaleya shikshan vibhagachya shasakiya aani khajagi shalanmadhun sumre 2.25 koti vidyarthi shikshan dhet aahet.

Dr. Babasaheb Aambedkarani hindu code bill jya swarupat tayar kele hote tyach swarupat te manjur jale pahije ya bhumikela te tham hote.

Development cooperation Focusing on rural development is a very important component. Industrial development and adoptions of modern technology are likely to generate additional employment in urban areas and pay rich divined to elite and rich investors. Fortunately, the India has been giving top priority to rural development. However, in the absence of well planned development programmes most of these resources do not benefit the target groups. Poor families have received sympathy instead of motivation which has resulted in the dependency syndrome. The time is how rip for a change in the strategy. The rural development programme should indentify the rural development programme should identify the problems of the poor and address the local needs. The participating families should take active part in the programme. The programme should facilitate sustainable development

Electricity plays a vital role in the development of agriculture sector as well as rural economy. It is one of the basic infrastructure facilities necessary for changing rural life. Agriculture sector of Western Maharashtra and Vidarbha region of Maharashtra state is mainly depending on natural factors to a great extent. The fluctuations in climate obviously affect the agricultural production. The fertility of land cannot be maintained for a long time when farmers take repeated cultivation on the same area of land. The price of agricultural production also fluctuates according to seasonal variation. Therefore, in selected districts, sample farmers, in general have to face many difficulties relating to price and non-price factors. Farmers have been facing the problems of availability of finance, marketing, irrigation, fertility of soil, seasonal fluctuations in the level of prices, climate and so forth. The sample farmers are also facing difficulties relating to the electricity. These difficulties or problems are, related to delay in obtaining electric connection, large amount of electric bills, repair of electric instruments, irregular electric supply, low voltage supply of electricity, load shedding etc. In recent times the major problems in rural economy of the selected districts have been poverty, unemployment and burden of debt. Primary attention for creating employment opportunities for the rural people and electricity can play an important role in creating employment opportunities in rural areas. Increase in agriculture income is necessary in order to improve the status of farmers. Having irrigation facility itself may help them to implement modern farm techniques and can bring change in outlook of farmers to bring suitable changes in the agricultural sector. In this chapter, rural electrification in India, an evaluation of energy balance in India and trends in consumption of energy in India has been explained. In this paper an attempt has been made to analysis the regular supply of electricity and its impact on agriculture sector with reference to Western Maharashtra and Vidarbha region of Maharashtra State. Use of electricity in farming activities can be considered as an indication of the modernization in agriculture sector of the economy.

Web has taken a large discovery from ‘Internet of communication’ to ‘Internet of Things’, creating it potential to attach objects and transfer information with or while not human intervention. This is often seemingly to revolutionize the manner we have a tendency to live. Like other service industries, it's an enormous potential in betterment of library services. The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a system of interconnected, internet-connected objects that area unit able to collect and transfer information over a wireless network while not human intervention. The private or business potentialities area unit is endless. In this article, researcher have focused on the concept of Internet of things, its process, lifecycle, the technology and its growth and also examples from service industries. It also covers potential impact of I oT on libraries and establish potential library areas wherever it may be enforced effectively.

Reflective thinking is central to the identity and life of a teacher. One of the foremost tasks of teacher education is to initiate pre-service teachers into the teaching profession as reflective practitioners. This study investigates the levels of reflective thinking pre-service teachers in Mumbai pursuing undergraduate programmes in Education. The study uses a descriptive survey approach. Data was collected from 94 pre-service teachers. The tool used was Questionnaire for Reflective Thinking developed by Kember et al (2000) which is a four-scale instrument measuring levels of reflective thinking in terms of four constructs; habitual action, understanding, reflection and critical reflection. The data revealed that the pre-service teachers have higher levels of understanding and reflection as opposed to habitual action and critical reflection

Gangechya maidanavari vaidik aaryachya vasahati aani tyanna anushagik asha kristpurva pahilya sahasrtrakachya uttarardhatil ghadamodi yancha abyas karanyasathi nirnirali sadhane uplabdha aahet.

Prominently, The Family Reunion has been acknowledged as one of the important plays that contributed to the revival of poetic drama in England. It was the first-ever attempt on the part of the playwright to employ contemporary settings and speech in drama. However, the play is also important for its contemporaneity of the themes and subsequent moralizing on the part of the writer. The play has been reviewed by literary scholars from a philosophical, psychological, and religious point of view. Although the Christian theme of sin and its expiation, crime, and final punishment hold the ground throughout the play, it touches upon various common, day-to-day issues of the modern world. Alienation, loneliness identity crisis, and survival are some of the other themes that have been highlighted by the dramatist here. The present research paper explores the psychological ailment of the play’s prominent characters which they represent in their separation in the relationship. Simultaneously, it touches upon the other issues that are extremely experienced by the people of England in the twentieth century like degeneration, disbelief, selfishness, cunningness, and deterioration in human feelings and sentiments.

Being unique species human being, we have ability to think and express through speech or writing. These skills can be developed. Writing is a skill which help us to record. There are different types of writing fictional writing, imaginary writing, poetry writing, non-fictional writing etc. Academic writing is different from other type of writing. “In academic writing it is a well-established trend and responsibility to share our gathered knowledge via writing essay, passage, dissertation, thesis, research/review article, short notes, books, abstracts, digital writing/OER.” Academic writing in English has a unique style – it is formal and uses particular language standards that you need to learn. Here in this article basic traits in academic writing are discussed.

India is one of the few countries of the world that have made a specific references in the constitution to the satisfy for the need of environmental protection and improvement. The Provision of environmental protection in Indian constitutions Article 32,48a, 51a, 226, and 253, so we think this questions and giving answers by implementation of Education. What is .sustainable development goals 2030? Importance of Environmental Education in school curriculum and Teacher Education? What is. Environmental Education? Why its need? How to implementation in Education?