Generational distinctions are evident in the ways that leadership styles have changed over time. Baby boomers—those born in the years 1946–1964—tend to take a more conventional, hierarchical approach to leadership, whereas Generation Z and millennials choose more flexible, collaborative approaches. Baby Boomers: they lead in a hierarchical manner. They place a high importance on performance, loyalty, and hard effort. They also frequently stress the value of connections in business. Millennials: appreciate diversity and inclusion highly and are generally more cooperative and team-oriented than earlier generations. They consult with others before making choices. In general, they are also more tech-savvy than earlier generations. The leadership style of Generation Z is continually evolving. They cherish honesty and openness and are highly at ease using social media and technology. They prioritize the welfare of people and hope to spur social change. We live in a world that is changing quickly these days, with business and technology disruption occurring constantly. As a result, we need individuals who can adapt, accept change, and learn new things quickly. The emphasis now is more on how leaders manage their teams and bring out the best in each member, replacing the previous emphasis on hard abilities. Objective- The focus of this study will be on VUCA characteristics that influence the various leadership styles adopted by millennials and Generation Z. Methodology- For this study, data will be gathered from primary sources using a structured questionnaire consisting close ended question through convenience sampling method through a Google Form. Conclusion- This study will assess millennials and Gen Z's comprehension and application of leadership styles in a variety of environments.

Transactional leadership is a leadership style that relies on a system of rewards and punishments to motivate and direct followers. It's like a business transaction: the leader offers something in return for the follower's effort and performance. Transformational leadership is good for clear tasks with defined rewards, but it doesn't build strong relationships or encourage creativity. It is a “do that, get that” type of leadership. The leadership styles changes depending upon the sector. The Transactional leadership is a leadership style which utilizes rewards and punishments to motivate and direct followers. This study focuses on the impact of transactional leadership on the employee performance and the extent to which it affects employee performance. Also to analyze how nurses respond to motivational aspect of transactional leadership and to suggest measures to improve the performance of employees. Data is collected through primary method. The sample size is 100 and the data is collected from nurses.

Within this dynamic world the mindset and approaches of upcoming executives must shift from the paradigm leading strategies to uncertainty prepared approaches such as VUCA for sustainable leadership in the firms and to thrive better. This research focuses on the notion of VUCA leadership's adaptability—its capacity to alter and react to shifts in the corporate environment with in accordance actions that are agile, fast, and targeted. It provides stability in unpredictable times by allowing safety to give humanity's basic values of resilience and long-term outcomes. Appraisal of potential evaluation of the businesses using this concept fosters the growth of a holistic perspective and sharpens observational skills. As a result of globalization, rapid interactions, and ecosystems devoted to innovation, leaders must now learn to lead in a volatile, uncertain, and complex environment. In addition to being a management strategy, sustainable leadership offers answers to global social, ecological, and economic problems. Recognizes leadership as a process of influence and breaks down barriers in organizations to encourage leaders to collaborate for transformation and change. Over the years, leadership has changed, and now, in order to prosper in the fast-paced world, it is essential to conduct with increased self- awareness, connectedness, sharpened observational abilities, and a diversity of viewpoints improving business functioning in comparison to conventional functioning. They critically navigate the complexities to steer specific choices and activities that transform sustainability into a competitive edge. This research conducts survey of opinions from certain set of people about leadership through VUCA and sustainability. Comprises of primary as well as secondary data discussing more about application of strategies based on VUCA.

This research explores the transformative potential of youth-led social enterprises as vehicles for cultivating innovative leadership models that drive meaningful social impact. The purpose of the study is to investigate how these enterprises empower young leaders, foster entrepreneurial skills, and contribute to sustainable social change. The methodology involves a comprehensive literature review, case studies of successful youth-led social enterprises, and qualitative interviews with key stakeholders in the field. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis of the impact metrics of youth-led social enterprises with qualitative insights from interviews with founders, beneficiaries, and mentors. The research framework is designed to uncover the unique leadership styles emerging from these enterprises and to evaluate their effectiveness in addressing contemporary social challenges. Major findings of the research highlight the pivotal role of youth-led social enterprises in nurturing a new generation of leaders with a strong commitment to social responsibility. The study identifies key characteristics of innovative leadership models emerging within these enterprises, emphasizing adaptability, empathy, and a collaborative mindset. Moreover, the research underscores the importance of mentorship and educational support in enhancing the leadership capabilities of young social entrepreneurs. The youth-led social enterprises examined in this research demonstrate measurable success in addressing various social issues, from environmental sustainability to community development. The findings suggest that these enterprises not only generate positive social outcomes but also contribute to economic growth and long-term systemic change.

Ethical leadership is a kind of leadership quality one leader possesses by which he or she ethically acts and sets standards, gives opportunity for followers to work in collaboration with him or her. Ethical leaders are formed, evolved in all the fields. All ethical leaders more or less have common qualities in them through which they lead the system. Loyalty, honesty, transparency, Openness, Tolerance is some of the common features often shown and exhibited by ethical leaders in their journey of leadership. Researchers /Authors in this study have tried to study the awareness of attributes of ethical leaders from graduates and post graduate teacher. In this paper, researcher will also be highlighting in this paper various characteristics of ethical leaders and much more details about ethical leadership.

In the rapidly evolving landscape of human resource management (HRM), the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force, marking the advent of HRM 4.0. This research aims to explore the impact of AI on candidate screening and employee development, shedding light on the revolutionary changes brought about by HRM 4.0. The purpose of this study is to investigate how AI technologies are reshaping traditional HR practices, specifically in the realms of candidate selection and employee skill enhancement. The methodology employed encompasses a comprehensive review of existing literature, case studies, and empirical data from organizations that have implemented AI-driven HRM systems. Additionally, interviews and surveys with HR professionals and employees provide valuable insights into the practical implications and experiences associated with HRM 4.0. The major findings of the research reveal that AI-powered tools have significantly improved the efficiency and effectiveness of candidate screening processes. Advanced algorithms analyze resumes, assess candidate suitability, and predict job performance, streamlining the recruitment life cycle. Moreover, AI-driven employee development programs, incorporating personalized learning paths and skill assessments, enhance professional growth and contribute to organizational success. The study underscores the potential challenges and ethical considerations associated with the widespread adoption of AI in HRM, such as algorithmic bias and data privacy concerns. However, it also emphasizes the need for continuous learning and adaptation to leverage the full benefits of HRM 4.0.

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) plays very important role for country’s economic growth. It acts an engine not only in India but all over the world. They account for 80% of global economic growth. Market conditions have dramatically changed for Indian SMEs after economic reforms. SMEs are regularly facing new challenges in terms of cost, quality, delivery, flexibility and human resource development for their survival and growth. In the context of a dynamic market scenario, they have to formulate their strategies for developing various capabilities and competencies to satisfy their domestic as well as global customers. For long-term competitiveness, SMEs have to focus on all aspects of organisational functions such as assets, strategy development, processes and their performance. SMEs play an important role in an economy, employing vast numbers of people and helping to shape innovation. Government regularly offers incentives, including favourable tax treatment and better access to loans, to help keep SMEs in business.

Workplace incivility has increased due to digital communication tools, virtual interactions, and organizational structures. While email and virtual meetings improve efficiency, they can cause misunderstandings and conflicts. The gig economy and remote work trends may lead to feelings of isolation and reduced interpersonal sensitivity. Organizations are focusing on fostering a positive workplace culture through employee training, communication guidelines, and inclusive policies. Organizational leaders play a crucial role in setting respectful behavior. This study explores the impact of workplace rudeness on organizational outcomes, focusing on emotional exhaustion and adaptive performance. Workplace rudeness, characterized by disrespectful behavior, can lead to chronic fatigue and depletion of emotional resources. On the other hand, adaptive performance refers to employees' ability to adapt and thrive amidst changing demands and challenges. Workplace insolence, including rudeness and disrespect, contributes to a toxic work environment. Emotional depletion, a result of prolonged exposure to stressors, exhausts emotional assets. Adaptive performance, a crucial aspect of employee effectiveness, involves navigating and excelling in dynamic work environments. This study explores the connection between workplace incivility and emotional exhaustion. The study explores the impact of workplace incivility through a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. It uses surveys and interviews to understand employees' experiences and performance metrics. The findings offer valuable insights for practitioners and leaders to create healthier workplace cultures and improve adaptive performance. The findings will guide interventions to mitigate the negative effects of incivility on employee well-being and organizational effectiveness.

Ethical leadership has a pivotal role in influencing the culture and climate of educational institutions, intensely inducing the well-being of students. This paper probes into the multidimensional scopes of ethical leadership and its importance within educational settings. Drawing upon prevailing literature, the research discovers various aspects of ethical leadership, including its definition, relevance, and impact on student results and mental health. The study underlines the prominence of ethical leadership in endorsing a positive ethical culture, improving student engagement, and nurturing a supportive learning environment. Through an extensive review of literature, the paper explains the role of ethical leadership in enlightening moral values, promoting transparency, and nurturing partnerships with stakeholders. Furthermore, the research examines the impact of ethical leadership on students' mental health, highlighting the serious role of trust, fairness, effective communication, and conflict resolution in creating a conducive atmosphere for holistic development. It highlights the importance of ethical leadership in justifying stressors, enhancing social connections, and stimulating students' overall well-being. In conclusion, the outcomes underscore the crucial role of ethical leadership in educational settings, promoting for its integration into institutional practices to foster a culture of trust, fairness, and inclusivity. By giving importance ethical leadership, educational institutions can create an environment favorable to students' academic accomplishments and emotional flourishing, thereby contributing to their overall well-being and development.

Idea Generation is a creative process that involves the generation, creation, and development of new ideas.Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become integral to our daily lives, from facial recognition unlocking on smartphones to auto-generated emails and targeted social media ads. Natural Language Processing (NLP), a subfield of AI, facilitates human-like understanding of text and spoken words, enabling tasks like drafting emails, conducting research, and brainstorming ideas. This paper focuses on the hindrances on idea generation process amongst Gen-z’s. The researcher(s) have studied how AI has influenced the critical thinking and out of the box ideas of the Gen-Z’s residing in Central Mumbai. The results of this research has proved that impact of AI on Generation Z has put an hindrance on their creative thought process due to pre - determined solutions generated through generative AI.

This research paper explores the fundamental role of sustainability leadership in nurturing a sensible co-existence between human activities and the environment. It defines sustainability leadership as the capacity to guide and inspire others towards practices promoting environmental, social, and economic sustainability. The study emphasizes the importance of responsible and ethical decision-making in attaining a harmonious world for current and future generations. Focusing on key facets as performance indicators, the paper declares their crucial role in establishing an organization as a leader with possible market share. Infosys is showcased as a sustainable leader in the Information Technology industry, contributing suggestively to global IT standards through its pledge to innovation, ethical practices, and environmental accountability. The company's initiatives include green practices, reducing carbon footprint, and fostering a culture of environmental responsibility. Infosys is recognized for its role in talent development, research and development, and philanthropic endeavors, solidifying its status as a sustainable leader. The paper provides a detailed profile of Infosys. It emphasizes Infosys's impact on global technology, innovation leadership, job creation, talent development, and pioneering the global delivery model. Infosys's sustainability leadership is analyzed through various initiatives, including carbon neutrality commitment, renewable energy adoption, green buildings, electric vehicle transition, water conservation, waste reduction, biodiversity conservation, employee engagement, and social responsibility programs. The methodology involves thorough search on secondary sources to gather relevant information. The case study of Infosys focuses on its commitment to carbon neutrality by 2040 and its comprehensive portfolio of offset projects contributing to rural development and climate change mitigation.

This research explores crisis management and ethical leadership within the context of Tata Group, a conglomerate operating across diverse industries. Crisis management is defined as a strategic process for identifying and responding to critical situations to ensure the safety and well-being of stakeholders. The study reviews existing literature on crisis management, emphasizing the need for adaptability, quick actions, risk minimization, trust-building, and protection of corporate image. Focusing on Tata Group's response during the COVID-19 pandemic, the paper highlights the conglomerate's agility, philanthropic efforts, and commitment to corporate social responsibility. The research objectives include discussing Tata's industry profile, relevance of crisis management and sustainability, and strategies employed in crisis situations. Methodologically, the study relies on secondary sources such as research articles, e-research papers, theses, dissertations, and official Tata Group websites. The paper details Tata's diverse industries and crisis management strategies, encompassing risk assessment, communication planning, adaptability, employee support, financial resilience, supply chain diversification, innovation, and collaboration. The research also delves into Tata's ethical leadership, exemplified through sustainability initiatives and philanthropy. During the pandemic, Tata demonstrated ethical decision-making by supporting employees, providing medical equipment, and contributing to relief efforts.

The development of environmental jurisprudence in India under the umbrella of Article 136 of the Indian Constitution signifies stimulating aspect of the judiciary's role in shaping environmental law and policy. Article 136 empowers the Supreme Court to grant special leave to appeal against any judgment, decree, determination, sentence, or order in any matter passed or made by any court or tribunal in the country. This article delves into how Article 136 has been utilized as a tool for the evolution of environmental jurisprudence in India by the Supreme Court of India. It focuses on pivotal cases where the Supreme Court, exercising its discretionary power under Article 136, has delivered landmark judgments that have significantly influenced environmental law and policy. Through a meticulous analysis of various cases, such as the M.C. Mehta v. Union of India series, Rural Litigation and Entitlement Kendra v. State of Uttar Pradesh , T.V. Godavaram vs. Union of India , and others, this study illustrates the proactive role of the Supreme Court in environmental protection and conservation. This article explores how the Supreme court has interpreted and expanded the ambit of environmental jurisprudence by utilizing Article 136, thereby ensuring the enforcement of environmental laws, protecting natural resources, and upholding the fundamental right to a healthy environment as an intrinsic part of the right to life under Article 21 of the Constitution. Moreover, it evaluates the effectiveness of judicial interventions facilitated by Article 136 in addressing complex environmental challenges, setting precedents, and establishing principles such as the 'polluter pays' and 'precautionary principle', 'sustainable development' and 'public trust' in environmental jurisprudence. The analysis also sheds light on the court's efforts to balance environmental concerns with developmental imperatives and how its decisions have influenced legislative and executive actions, leading to the formulation of policies aimed at sustainable development and ecological preservation. Ultimately, this case study showcases how the Supreme Court, utilizing its discretionary authority under Article 136, has played a pivotal role in the development and consolidation of environmental jurisprudence in India, contributing significantly to the country's commitment to environmental protection and sustainable growth.

CSR is an important strategic move undertaken by companies to address societal and environmental concerns that go beyond simply making profits. By engaging in CSR activities, businesses acknowledge their role as stakeholders in society and commit to making positive impacts on communities and the environment. The need for CSR stems from the interconnectedness between businesses and the society they operate, highlighting the importance of sustainable practices and ethical behavior for long-term success. In the Indian context, many leading multinational corporations (MNCs) have embraced CSR as an integral part of their business principles. Many prominent MNCs operating in India have shown unwavering dedication to CSR initiatives centered around education. Recognizing the transformative potential of education in shaping individuals and communities, corporations have focused their CSR efforts on enhancing educational opportunities. The MNC's corporate social responsibility (CSR) endeavors in the education sector adopt a comprehensive approach, comprising the creation of educational establishments, offering scholarships, enhancing infrastructure, and executing skill development programs. Through these endeavors, the corporation endeavors to equip forthcoming generations, diminish socio-economic disparities and cultivate a proficient workforce for the betterment of the nation. Additionally, corporations actively collaborate with local communities, government entities, and educational institutions to maximize the reach and effectiveness of their initiatives, thereby guaranteeing a sustainable and extensive impact on the educational domain. To put it briefly, CSR acts as a crucial framework directing businesses towards responsible operations, with a strong commitment to society and the environment. The commendable endeavors of a prominent multinational corporation (MNC) in India towards the progress of education highlight the significant influence that strategic CSR initiatives can have, emphasizing the transformative power of education in cultivating a fairer and more prosperous society.

This research paper aims to investigate the strategies adopted by managers to deal with the problems arising from the conflict, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity (VUCA) environment in the economy, with a focus on promoting stability. The goal is to provide leaders with insights to guide long-term organizational development and success. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to develop the theoretical framework of leadership in the context of the VUCA world. In addition, the research includes a qualitative analysis and draws on a wide range of research articles and evidence from different sectors. This combination allows for continued exploration of the strategies managers use to address VUCA-related issues while addressing sustainability. New technologies such as artificial intelligence, cloud computing and blockchain bring both hope and uncertainty, but their ethical and social implications remain unclear. When Satya Nadella became CEO of Microsoft, the company faced challenges in a rapidly changing environment. Under his leadership, Microsoft shifted its focus to cloud computing and artificial intelligence technology to adapt to business needs. The vision and willingness to embrace change has made Microsoft one of the most profitable companies in the world. Jacinda Ardern has received international praise for her leadership during the COVID-19 pandemic. New Zealand's response was marked by openness, understanding and determination, demonstrating its ability to deal with uncertainty. The management approach demonstrated effective crisis management in the face of uncertainty by minimizing the impact of the disease. The research identifies key strategies used by successful managers in the VUCA environment and highlights their impact on sustainability. The findings highlight the importance of cultural change, change and adaptation in managing uncertainty and complexity. Case studies provide insight into how leaders can use these strategies to promote organizational stability and foster long-term success.

In the past, human rights had historically been conceptualized in a way that ignored the experiences of women, including violence, crime, discrimination, and various forms of abuse. Consequently, a necessity arose to incorporate specific measures aimed at safeguarding women, alongside other provisions. This research paper aims to examine the phenomenon of misusing laws meant to safeguard women's rights and its profound implications on the overall progress of gender equality. The result of this study will also help educators and researchers in future research. The findings are derived from the collective sentiments of undergraduate students regarding their attitudes towards the application of legal principles.

Digital is everywhere, including marketing. We see the growth of digital marketing, social media, and search engine ads. Thanks to tech advances. Why? Digital marketing brings in more bucks. It is tied to the internet and right now, more people are going online. So, the buying habits people have are shifting. This paper examines the potential benefits and ethical implications of incorporating digital marketing strategies in contrast to traditional approaches for ethical leadership. Traditional approaches to ethical leadership have primarily focused on face-to-face interactions and conventional marketing methods. However, with the advent of digital technologies, the landscape of marketing has significantly evolved. This study explores how embracing digital marketing can enhance ethical leadership practices by promoting transparency, accountability, and stakeholder engagement. Additionally, the paper highlights the importance of ethical considerations in utilizing digital marketing tools to ensure privacy, data protection, and responsible advertising practices. By embracing digital marketing, leaders can leverage its potential to effectively communicate and promote ethical values in a rapidly changing digital world. This research contributes to the growing discussion on the transformative role of digital marketing in ethical leadership, providing insights for organizations seeking to navigate this evolving landscape.

This study investigates the impact of National Service Schemes (NSS) on the development of leadership qualities among volunteers. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research analyzes data gathered from NSS participants through surveys and interviews. Preliminary findings indicate a positive correlation between NSS engagement and the acquisition of leadership skills, emphasizing increased self-confidence, adaptability, and social responsibility among volunteers. The study explores specific aspects of NSS programs that contribute significantly to leadership development, such as community projects, mentorship, and training modules. Challenges faced by volunteers during NSS and their potential role in fostering leadership growth are also examined. Furthermore, the research considers the long-term effects of NSS on volunteers' personal and professional lives, assessing whether acquired leadership skills continue to influence their trajectories post-NSS. The study aims to provide valuable insights for policymakers, educational institutions, and organizations interested in cultivating capable and socially responsible leaders, ultimately contributing to the optimization of service programs and the broader promotion of civic engagement for positive societal development.

The twenty-first-century leader needs to perform a variety of functions. An educational organization's leaders have three roles to play: educators, stewards, and designers. They are in charge of setting up work environments where staff members may constantly improve their ability to understand complexity and make sense of the world. Making several decisions while having a dual perspective on their function as administrators and themselves poses ethical issues. The study will assist researchers in creating moral role models for leaders who motivate their followers to treat others with kindness and fairness and to experience moral sensations such as elevation. In an attempt to address this issue, a few review papers on ethical leadership in the education sector from various angles were published by several researchers. Publications based on bibliometric study about ethical leadership in the education sector, however, are still pending. The current study's objective is to investigate publications pertaining to ethical leadership in the education sector using bibliometric analysis. Jstor is one literary database that fits this description. The analysis of information that was obtained between 2013 and 2022 from Jstor indexes (journal articles). The acquired data is evaluated using six research questions. The results included some illuminating information, including the subject area, citation network, publication type, and top contributing authors.

The abstract discusses the significance of leadership in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and startups. It highlights the need of this role in helping SMEs grow their human capital, survival rate, and capacity to become successful businesses. The main obstacles include a wide range of issues for which innovative solutions are difficult to devise, a dearth of forward-thinking and creative peers who could bring more captivating ideas to reality, lack of resources, the need for Funding and allocation for R&D(Research And Development) activities, Target market acquisition, need to create industry standard products, various marketing and sales campaigns to make people aware of. These Obstacles paves a wide range of opportunities, urge to create startup environment with like-minded peers, need for more clear visionary idea towards for short- and long-term objectives that must be devise organization towards achieving their goal, encourage more competitions with bounties that could encourage more employees to work for innovative solutions. Identify and examine targeted audience (niche market) and customer- centric approaches , and find ways to provide competitive edge among competitors . Investing and strategically allocating resources into R&D and conducting calculative risk analysis , fostering innovative culture through bounty programs , improving cross-functional collaborations across various team sections, adopting more customer-centric approaches with more sophisticated feedback systems that are highly iterative, being more technology-driven, and focusing on adaptation and innovation are some of the various strategies that would strategically lead startups to achieve their desired goal.

The role of leadership in start-ups and outlines a model of when, why and how leadership behaviour of founder-CEOs influences start-up performance. Transformational leadership has a significant and positive effect on start-up performance; today leadership is neglected by most entrepreneurs and is not considered a motivation for founding a business. The objectives of the study are to understand the shared leadership within high growth SME, start-ups, the shared leaders learning to lead process and its strategic decision- making process. The shared leadership practice has enhanced the leader’s leadership skills and capabilities through the leader’s teamwork and knowledge collaboration within the complex nature of the organization. There are three interesting emerging themes from the study findings that give a different perspective on the literature of shared leadership practice including early delegation of administrative team, friendship element as a basis for shared leadership team set up and additional leaders to the existing shared leadership team. The survival strategies of SME s in the industrial platform to recognize sustainability-related policies, specifically, the necessity for a robust theoretical examination on the survival strategies of SMEs in the field of global challenges. Recent research has confirmed that the development of start-ups is indeed connected to leadership. A review revealed that entrepreneurial leadership, as opposed to mainstream leadership theories, is more suitable to explain the complex leadership process in start-ups growth and development. The current study investigated the relative influence of vertical versus shared leadership within new venture top management teams on the performance of start-ups using two different samples. Vertical leadership stems from an appointed or formal leader of a team (e.g., the CEO), whereas shared leadership is a form of distributed leadership stemming from within a team. Transformational, transactional, empowering, and directive dimensions of both vertical and shared leadership were examined. The paper examines the leadership in start-ups and SME’s, their strategies and challenges in the Leadership.

In the contemporary landscape of digital payments, epitomized by India's Unified Payments Interface (UPI), significant transformations are reshaping financial ecosystems. Central to this evolution are government initiatives like BHIM and UPI, pivotal in steering the rapid adoption of digital payments. This research investigates the intersection of UPI transactions and the financial literacy of undergraduate students, unveiling intricate connections between the two realms. Employing a robust methodology comprising surveys and transaction data analysis, the study explores financial awareness, spending behaviors, and user experiences within the UPI ecosystem. The results promise profound insights with broad-ranging implications. By unraveling the complexities of financial literacy among undergraduate students and examining its dynamic interplay with UPI transactions, the research offers valuable perspectives for key stakeholders. Educators stand to gain a nuanced understanding of students' financial knowledge and habits, enabling tailored approaches to financial education. Policymakers can leverage these insights to craft effective strategies fostering financial literacy among the youth, thereby promoting responsible financial behaviors. The study emerges as a crucial resource in navigating the evolving landscape of digital payments, facilitating informed decision-making for educators, policymakers, and other stakeholders invested in shaping the financial future of the younger generation.

This comprehensive study aims to investigate the prevailing performance techniques in the teaching Profession, analyze their impact on enhancing teaching quality and student’s outcome, and propose measures for improving overall teaching performance. The main priority focus of the study is to assess the effectiveness of these techniques in fostering an enriched learning environment. The performance techniques but also identified areas where improvement is needed. A special attention is given to the role of technology, pedagogical innovation, and professional development in shaping effective teaching practices. The current educational system clarifies teaching goals and by attracting and retaining the most productive teachers. These measures include ongoing teacher training programs, mentorship initiative, and the integration of modern technologies to adopt the evolving educational needs. The proposed measures serve as a roadmap for fostering a culture of continuous improvement, ensuring the teaching profession. This allows for a nuanced understanding of the application and consequences of the teaching in a real- world setting. The main priority to explore these techniques is devoted to teacher effectiveness, job satisfaction, and overall educational excellence in college. Professional development opportunities and goals – setting foster a culture of growth and excellence, ultimately enhancing the overall learning experience for students. By examining the approaches, they contribute to teacher development and students' success. Understanding these techniques are perceived and experienced by teachers provides valuable insights into their effectiveness and potential areas of improvement. The role of feedback mechanisms within the performance management framework. Effective communication channels between administration and teachers are vital for fostering a supportive and collaborative teaching environment. Endorsement of enhancing performance management strategies, ultimately fostering an environment conducive to effective teaching and positive student’s outcomes

The company's system of educating its staff through a variety of means is called training and development. Workers have the opportunity to increase their skill set and depth of knowledge. The process of improving one's knowledge, worth, IQ, and EQ to a higher level through merely picking up new and creative skills is known as upgrading. Training is the process of learning new skills to elevate the way to complete a particular work. Training and development are the most important aspect of the workplace. Training is related to improving the daily work formation and development is focused on the future task and responsibilities to fulfill in a much better way. Being a hospitality professional, it is very crucial to learn new trends and techniques to gain more knowledge in order to set new benchmarks. Hospitality industry is updating every now and then. Hospitality industry is a skill-based industry and it is very important to sharpen it once in a while. Hospitality is people loving industry. It is mandatory to communicate with various kinds of people. Employees must show the right attitude, tolerance and listening skills to lead themselves to be an efficient leader. This study is an attempt to redefine the current trends of training in the hospitality industry and their ways of implication, which eventually leads to ameliorate the experience of guests.

The start-up India initiative was launched in Jan 2016 by Honorable Prime Minister NARENDRA MODI. The startup India, stand up India initiative was announced to promote and encourage startups. The startup India initiative has rolled out several programs with the objective of supporting entrepreneurs, building a robust startup ecosystem and transforming India into a country of job creators instead of job seekers. These programs are managed by a dedicated startup India Team, which reports to the Department for Industrial Policy and Promotion (DPIIT). Startup India is a Government of India flagship initiative to build startups and nurture innovation, the government plans to empower startup, ventures to boost entrepreneurship, economic growth and employment across India. India’s startup ecosystem has become a talking point for the entire world, with hundreds of innovative youngsters choosing to pursue the path of entrepreneurship instead of joining the multinational corporations and government ventures, the business world has witnessed an explosion of ground – breaking startups providing solutions to the real problems at a mass level in the past years. The paper discusses few challenges that an Indian Startup has to face and the opportunities that the country can provide in current eco-system.

The paper delves into the leadership dynamics within startup and SME contexts, incorporating a nuanced examination of real-time instances such as floods and pandemics,notably the COVID-19 situation, utilized as empirical case studies. Startup leadership is a complex and challenging field that requires visionary thinking, adaptability, resourcefulness, customer focus, and resilience. Small businesses play a crucial role in India's economic development, addressing challenges posed by population and unemployment growth. Challenges faced by Indian small businesses like inadequate finance, irregular raw material supply, marketing issues, operational hurdles, and a shortage of skilled manpower were revealed through quantitative research. Successful managers in these enterprises exhibit leadership and entrepreneurship skills, driven by innovation, risk-taking, and adaptability to change. Their primary motivation is to explore and create opportunities in the realms of social, environmental, and economic development. Entrepreneurial leadership is relevant to academic knowledge, job creation, economic development, developing new competencies, and ensuring business survival. Furthermore, the paper investigates strategic approaches that successful leaders employ to overcome challenges and capitalize on opportunities. Strategic planning involves aligning short-term goals with long-term objectives and adjusting strategies based on market feedback. Small business owners can effectively utilize social media and strategy maps to connect with their audience, identify inefficiencies, and identify obstacles to successful change. Quickly adapting strategies, utilizing digital technologies, diversifying operations, having contingency plans, securing insurance, and staying informed about government support programs enhance disaster preparedness. Research applications include leadership development, policy formulation, and strategic consulting. Future research areas encompass the long-term impact of pandemics, technology adoption, digital leadership, diversity, and inclusion. Drawing on real-world examples and research insights, the paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the nuanced leadership dynamics in the vibrant and competitive world of start-ups and SMEs

Beyond classrooms, the contemporary era focuses attention on beyond the classroom understanding and applicability of Corporate social Responsibility and the benefits that the stakeholders derive from the same. The need of the hour is to create transformation in the role of a leader by not just being responsible for developing business models, rather being equally responsible towards the society. The research paper aims at understanding the awareness of Corporate social Responsibility among students who are a part of First Generation Learner’s. Several CSR initiatives aim at maximizing the outreach of the programme. Apart from the theoretical understanding of the subject in students, the researcher aims at analysing the perception of the students towards CSR initiatives taken up by brands. Ethics training becomes a part of not just a curriculum, but providing a practical perspective to the benefits that are derived from CSR activities. Global corporate environment integrates Individual Social Responsibility with Corporate Social Responsibility. Channelised effectively, CSR projects can be extremely beneficial to the students community and will provide a platform to bridge the gap between classroom and corporate.

Hospitality Industry involves labour intensive industry wherein change management is important in customer relations. However employees being the valuable human force of an organization, resistance to change is expected. A strong change management prepares the organization to accept change and also the resistance, thus successfully implementing the change desired. The management finds the change necessary and important but the team working withing the organization are responsible for the execution of the change thus bringing the intended results. This research paper explores the dynamic landscape of change management within the hospitality industry, transcending various sectors within this multifaceted domain. Focused on the crucial role of leadership, the study investigates how leaders navigate and implement change to foster adaptability and sustained success. The research employs a comprehensive review of existing literature on change management, leadership, and the hospitality industry. By synthesizing insights from diverse sectors such as accommodation, food services, and event management, the paper aims to identify commonalities and unique challenges in implementing change strategies. Key themes include the importance of visionary leadership, effective communication, and employee engagement in driving successful change initiatives. The study also examines the impact of technological advancements, shifting consumer preferences, and global events on the need for agile and responsive change management strategies. Through a combination of theoretical frameworks and practical case studies, this paper offers valuable insights for leaders and practitioners in the hospitality sector, providing actionable recommendations to enhance their change management capabilities. Ultimately, the research contributes to a deeper understanding of how leadership in hospitality can proactively embrace change, fostering innovation, resilience, and long-term sustainability in an ever-evolving industry landscape.

The purpose of this research is to explore the critical intersection of Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) and leadership in the context of the ongoing digital transformation. As organizations grapple with rapid technological advancements, globalization, and changing workforce demographics, understanding the strategic role of HRM and effective leadership becomes paramount for sustained success. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative research methods. Qualitative data is gathered through in-depth interviews with HR leaders and executives from diverse industries, while quantitative data is collected through surveys distributed to employees at various organizational levels. The research also involves a comprehensive review of existing literature on SHRM and leadership in the age of transformation. Preliminary findings reveal that organizations adopting a strategic approach to HRM are better positioned to navigate the challenges posed by the digital age. Effective leadership emerges as a crucial factor in facilitating this strategic HRM implementation. Transformational leadership styles, characterized by visionary thinking, adaptability, and a focus on talent development, are identified as particularly beneficial in fostering a culture of innovation and agility.

India, marked by economic progress and technological strides, grapples with the persistent challenge of corruption that threatens its future. This paper explores the pivotal role played by English newspapers in fostering a culture of integrity within the nation. Acting as powerful instruments, these publications transcend geographical and linguistic barriers, engaging diverse audiences in critical discourse about ethical dilemmas and societal ills. Serving as vigilant watch dogs, English newspapers meticulously scrutinize those in power, expose corruption, and demand accountability, thereby contributing to the strengthening of India's democratic fabric. Beyond their exposés, these newspapers champion marginalized voices, providing platforms for diverse perspectives on morality and integrity. Investigative journalism emerges as a catalyst for social movements, triggering public action and systemic reforms. Examining notable cases such as the 2G spectrum scam and the Satyam Computer Services scandal, the paper underscores the influential role of English newspapers in shaping public discourse and inspiring ethical action. However, challenges like media bias, corporate influence, and limited reach to urban populations raise concerns about their impartiality and effectiveness. Bridging the information gap necessitates encouraging diverse media outlets and leveraging technology for inclusive conversations. Acknowledging these complexities, the paper advocates for ethical journalism, investigative focus, and embracing diversity to maximize the impact of English newspapers in promoting integrity. The methodology involves a secondary data approach, utilizing existing academic literature, media reports, and online databases to analyze the framing of ethical issues and the portrayal of integrity in English newspapers. The results highlight the newspapers' role in exposing corruption, shaping public discourse, and inspiring change. Despite challenges, English newspapers, with their investigative spotlights, remain beacons in India's quest for a more just and equitable society. The conclusion emphasizes the ongoing pursuit of integrity, collective responsibility, and a call to nurture the flickering flame within English newspapers, transforming it into a guiding light for a nation where honesty and ethical conduct form the fabric of society.

The Gandhian approach, deeply rooted in principles of truth, non-violence, and service to humanity, offers a unique perspective on development in the modern era. This examination delves into the significance of Gandhi's social philosophy for development, particularly focusing on the concepts of appropriate technology (A.T.) and basic needs. Gandhi's philosophy emphasizes the importance of technology that aligns with basic human needs such as food, clothing, shelter, health, and education to promote greater equity and distributive justice. Gandhi's emphasis on swadeshi (local self-reliance) and swaraj (independent development leading to equity and justice) underscores his vision for a sustainable and just society. By advocating for technology that is appropriate to basic needs rather than solely pursuing economic growth through advanced technology, Gandhi's approach aims to address issues of unemployment and inequitable growth prevalent in many developing countries. The Gandhian approach to development offers a compelling alternative to traditional economic growth strategies by prioritizing equity, sustainability, and the well-being of all individuals. By embracing concepts like appropriate technology and basic needs, Gandhi's philosophy provides a roadmap for inclusive and sustainable development that resonates with the challenges and opportunities of the modern era.

Employees are valuable asset for every organization, so it is a crucial function of human resource Management to retain employee. Unless the serious efforts towards retention, the competitors in the Industry attract and snatch the talent. A retention strategy is a plan organizations create and use to reduce employee turnover, prevent attrition, increase retention, and foster employee engagement this study is based on primary data which is collected from employees who worked in various company. The objective of this study to understand different strategies are available to retain employees and challenges faced by employees to stay longer period in same organization. The study focuses on the expectations of employee from management. This research discuss the problems and solution for crafting and implementing retention strategy.

This paper explores the transformative potential of ethical leadership in education within the context of Vikalp Sangam's Learning Camps in Jharkhand, India. These non-formal education camps demonstrate a distinctive model of communityengaged curriculum development, fostering critical thinking, leadership development, and social justice advocacy through collaborative efforts among youth, educators, and community members. The research illuminates the transformative impact of Vikalp Sangam's Learning Camps, revealing their effectiveness in empowering youth. Co-created learning modules, interactive methods, and a dedicated focus on leadership development contribute to enhanced critical thinking, selfexpression, and a sense of ownership among participants. Furthermore, the camps promote community collaboration by encouraging cultural awareness, intergenerational discourse, and shared ownership of education. The camps' success is based on its emphasis on social justice action, which addresses problems such as land rights, gender equality, and environmental sustainability. This equips youngsters with the knowledge and abilities they need to become community activists for positive change. However, the study identifies challenges faced by Vikalp Sangam, including resource limitations, limited funding threatens sustainability, teacher retention in rural areas demands innovative solutions and potential changes from traditional power structures. Despite these hurdles, Vikalp Sangam's model illuminates a path for a more equitable future in rural education. By prioritizing ethical leadership and social justice, the camps empower students and communities, demonstrating the transformative potential of innovative models rooted in ethical principles and a commitment to social justice. This success offers valuable insights for educational development across contexts, paving the way for brighter futures in rural schools around the world.