Original Research Articles
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Oct. 30, 2016
155 Downloads
SEX AND RACISM IN RICHARD WRIGHT’S NATIVE SON
Dr. Jitendra Nath Mishra
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.776975
Abstract
Certificate
Richard Wright (1908-1960) was the first out standing black writer to achieve a distinct
place in the canon of Afro-American Literature. There had of course, been other successful black
writers before him Charles W. Chestnutt of Cleveland , Paul Laurence Dunbar of Dayton and some
other extra ordinary talented writers but they were unable to knock the heart of the people of
America . Richard Wright was a great American novelist, autobiographer, short story writer and
playwright. He was the voice of those people who for centuries lived under the excruciating
environment created by White people. The condition of black people was very pitiable; they were
duped by white people in every phase of life. Richard Wright became a voice of those, who were
suffered for a long time. He was one of the most important writers of his age. It would be not
American wrong to say that he was the pioneer of a new genre of literature i.e. Afro American
literature.
Original Research Articles
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Oct. 24, 2016
103 Downloads
DESPAIR AND DESPONDENCY IN THE POETRY OF W.H. AUDEN
Dr. Deepti Mishra
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.7769754
Abstract
Certificate
As it was a period of crisis, dismay and loss of value. Auden and his contemporaries were
greatly agitated and tried to diagnose the ills of modern civilization in Marxian and Freudian
terms. During this phase Auden visited Belgium, Iceland, Spain and China and examined their
political, economic, social problems and conditions and found that….
“Everywhere man was in the quandary.”
Auden was like a current of fresh air that refreshes and makes the people breath a long
breath; He was in fact a leader who made the people conscious of their problems and tried to pull
them out from the abyss of despair and despondency. Auden started on his poetic journey in search
of human values.
Original Research Articles
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Oct. 28, 2016
122 Downloads
TECHNOLOGY SKILLS AMONG UNDER GRADUATE STUDENTS – NEED OF THE HOUR
Dr. G. Kumar
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.7769758
Abstract
Certificate
The study examined the Technology Skills among under Graduate Students – Need of the Hour in
Vellore District. A descriptive survey design was used for the study. Questionnaire was used for data
collection from 739 graduate students by using multi-stage sampling method with three different colleges
namely Government, Aided and Self–finance colleges affiliated Thiruvalluvar University in Vellore District.
The research adopted descriptive design. The data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics from the
Statistical Package for Social Science -20 version. The study was an attempt to find out the relationship
between Technology skills and their courses of study, gender, domicile, academic performance and
categories of colleges. There is immediate necessity to capacitate the college students to face the challenges
towards their better life. The study used various statistical methods such as; t-test and ANOVA test. The
various suggestions given here would certainly help the students, parents, teachers, state and central
governments and educational institutions to benefit and join hands to ensure a strong nation through
developing technology skills among the graduate students.
Original Research Articles
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Oct. 26, 2016
405 Downloads
LAND SETTLEMENTS IN COLONIAL ODISHA (1805 C.E. - 1837 C.E.)
Dr. Suresh Kumar Pandey
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.7769760
Abstract
Certificate
The British conquest of Odisha in 1803 C.E. presented a melancholy evenht in te annals of
Odisha. Soon after their conquest the administrators paid immediate attention to the problem of
land system and revenue collection as the prosperity of the British rule depended on it, because
land revenue was the main stay of their financial system.
The Government passed some temporary regulations for the administration of Odisha on
4th May, 1804. By those regulations, the territories were divided into two divisions, the northern
and southern with the river Mahanadi as the boundary between the two. For each division a Judge-
Cum-Magistrate was appointed with entrusting duties of collecting the land revenue. Rober Ker
and Charles Groeme were in charge of the northern and southern divisions respectively.1 On
September 15, 1804, a proclamation was issued by the Commissioners at Cuttack concerning the
settlement of the land revenue in the Mughalbandi portion of Odisha. By regulation 12 of 1805
the British imposed the first land revenue settlement in Odisha on an elaborate scale. A yearly
Jama of Rs.13, 14,825 was fixed on the province.2 The financial burden on the land holders
became heavier in comparison to the collection of Jama by the Marathas. As a result of this more
than one-third of the province came under the direct management of the British Administration
when land owners refused to pay land revenue. This land came to be known as Khasmahal. 3 These
Khasmahals were kept under the management of Tahasildars to be supervised by Collectors.4
Original Research Articles
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Oct. 27, 2016
132 Downloads
INTRODUCTION OF VIRASAIVA MATHAS OF HYDERABAD – KARNATAKA AREA
Dr. Nalini Avinash Wghmare
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.7769764
Abstract
Certificate
India has always cherished the past as the pattern of the present and future. The highest
effort of ancient Indians was directed towards training human beings for a state of spiritual
perfection. India has been the centre for the spread of the truth in the world all through the ages,
through a galaxy of spiritual personalities who have inspired and guided mankind with a sublime
vision of the divine and also to achieve Moksha. To achieve Moksha or deliverance, a very high
degree of morality was insisted upon. This can be seen in the Ashrama theory of ancient times,
which later on became the model for monastic institutions of all other religions on India. Thus, the
idea of asceticism has its source in Brahmanism. Such spiritual leaders are known as sages, saints,
ascetics, mystics, gurus and the dwelling places of these holy men are called Ashramas or Mathas
among Hindus, Viharas and Chaityas among Buddhist and Basadis among Jains.
Original Research Articles
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Oct. 24, 2016
116 Downloads
ROLE OF SELF HELP GROUP IN WOMEN ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT IM AHMEDNAGAR DISTRICS
Prof. Gore Narayan Subhashrao
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.7769770
Abstract
Certificate
With a one billion population, India represents 16.7% of the world‘s population. The
country has witnessed a three fold increase in population over the last half a century but the
economy has not been able to cope up with this rate of growth. Being heavily dependent on
agriculture, livelihood in rural areas could not provide employment for everyone. In the absence of
significant industrial growth, there has been severe unemployment and underemployment,
resulting in poverty. For most of the poor, fight for survival has been a life long mission and
natural resources have been the main source of livelihood.
Most of the rural women have been suffering from various ailments due to malnutrition,
unsafe water, lack of sanitation, exertion and neglect. They are deprived of basic education and
confined to their houses. In spite of their significant role in supporting the family, women in many
regions have no status in the society. They are treated as idle, despite their work schedule stretching
throughout the day. The important role of women in the welfare of the family is being realised
gradually. As the socio-economic progress of the community has a direct link with the
empowerment of women, the development programmes for women are receiving greater attention.
The task now is to ensure effective participation of women in sustainable development of the
community.
Original Research Articles
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Oct. 24, 2016
119 Downloads
PERCEPTUAL SPEED OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS AS PREDICATORS OF ACHIEVEMENT IN MATHEMATICS
Seema Taneja & Dr. Pragya aggarwal
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.7769776
Abstract
Certificate
The present study was established to examine the effectof perceptual speed of high school students
as predictors of mathematics achievement. A sample of 500 studentswas selected randomly and stratified in
to locale , gender and type of schools from Palwaldistt.Haryana.A self madetest made by was employed
with three five levels word comparison ,figure comparison, comparison of Roman-numerals ,Number
/Formula comparison &Figure identification .The analysis was done by correlation n t-test.The findings
suggested that Boys, Girls, Urban, Rurals have identical perceptual speed but there is a significant
difference in govt. and private school.
Original Research Articles
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Oct. 28, 2016
140 Downloads
HEALTH, HYGIENE AND FACILITIES AT WORKPLACE FOR CONSTRUCTION WORKERS
Manjit Kaur
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.7769780
Abstract
Certificate
Hygiene facilities are essential to ensure proper working conditions at all workplaces, on
turn they are influenced by the social and economic determinants of the population living there.
Basic minimum standards of working conditions as recommended by law are either ignored or
intentionally violated in the unorganized sector. There is no legal provision to monitor them
neither job security is provided nor safety equipment. In the absence of insurance their fate turns
fatal. Gender inequality compounds these problems for female workers all the more. Their
perceived need for health is generally below the actual need. Those who work as construction
workers face several health problems emanating from the construction sites and their domestic
situations lack basic necessities. The construction industry is associated with high risk accidents
leading to death and several chronic diseases. Being uneducated they are not aware of these
maladies like scoliosis, lead poisoning, diseases of joints and skin infections which are very
common. Further wages are inadequate making it difficult for them to run their families, the
discontent leads to abusive behaviour. Seniors use verbal abuse for the co-workers. Use of drugs
and alcohol make the situation further precarious. These horrors are perpetratedon the children
growing up on construction sites. These sites are particularly hazardous for young children who
are prone to many ailments and accidents. Many sites are in new, undeveloped areas on the
outskirts of the cities. It is ironic that while these workers are instrumental in developing these
facilities,neither they nor their children have any access to them.
Original Research Articles
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Oct. 27, 2016
151 Downloads
SOCIO – POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS AND ITS SOCIAL FUNCTIONS OF DEORI TRIBES OF ASSAM- A SOCIO- POLITICAL NOTE
Mrs. ChitraRekha Devi
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.7769782
Abstract
Certificate
Deori is one of the plains scheduled tribes of Assam. The scheduled tribes of Assam are divided into
two group viz., hill and plains tribes. Nine (9) ethno- cultural communities have been scheduled as plain
tribes by Indian constitutions and Deoris is one of them. Deoris has settled in different places of upper
Assam both northern and southern part of Assam. The original abode of the Deori was at Sadiya. At
present times the Deoris are found to be inhabited in different places of six Districts of Assam viz.,
Lakhimpur, Dhemaji, Dibrugarh Tinsukia, Jorhat, and Sonitpur. They have their own social system viz.,
language, culture, family, marriage, religion, economy, education and different Socio-Political
organization and these all social institutions are very important for them.
Original Research Articles
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Oct. 24, 2016
117 Downloads
SIGNIFICANCES IN PROMOTING COMPROMISE BEHAVIOUR AMONG TEACHER EDUCATORS
Dr. P. Muthusamy & Dr. P. Paul Devanesan
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.7769784
Abstract
Certificate
In the present context, Teacher and Teacher Educator face many problems in their working
Institutions because of these problem, they face unfavorable environment, non- cooperative tendency
among co-teacher and student‟s. This kind of Problems may create dissonance situation in their
professional Institute. In this Juncture, the teacher Educators should change their pattern of behaviour.
Particularly the compromise behaviour in one of the most important behaviour to change their unfavorable
environment to favorable environment. The main purpose of developing compromise is to fulfill needs of
present situation in the changing the society and to create good students and Student-Teachers by giving
training through Guidance and Counseling Practices to cope up with the problems existing in the society.
The significance of the article is to emphases the development of the potentialities of the students at
maximum level by the teacher educators to promote their own academic benefits and for the welfare of
future nation.
Original Research Articles
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Oct. 31, 2016
116 Downloads
ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN DEVELOPING SELF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS FOR OPEN DISTANCE LEARNING
Dr. Anita Singh
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.7769803
Abstract
Certificate
In the title of the topic above, three terms ICT, Development of self instructional materials
(SIM) and Open distance learning (ODL) are given. First of all, they should be introduced :
ICT stands for Information and Communication Technology. ICTs have diverse set of
technological tools and resources used to communicate and to create, disseminate, store and
manage information.Technologies involved in ICTs are Computers. Internet, broadcasting
Technologies ie. Radio & TV and telephone. At least five levels of technological use in Education
ate identified –They are presentation, demonstration, drill and practice, interaction and
collaboration.
Original Research Articles
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Oct. 24, 2016
158 Downloads
ECONOMIC COOPERATION AMONG SAARC MEMBER COUNTRIES:PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Puspanjali Misra & Prof. A.K. Paricha
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.7769809
Abstract
Certificate
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), which was established in 1985
at Dhaka owes its birth to the pioneering initiative taken by the Late President Zia Ur Rahman of
Bangladesh. It was initially a group of seven South Asian countries, viz., India, Pakistan,
Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and Maldives, and expanded to include Afghanistan as the
eighth member in the SAARC Summit held in Dhaka on November 13, 2005. The assumption of
SAARC was that a common culture, civilization and heritage among all the seven post colonial
states of South Asia would bring about unity and cooperation among them, gradually brining about
social and economic development in the region.
Original Research Articles
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Oct. 30, 2016
160 Downloads
PEDAGOGY BASED ON AESTHETIC APPROACH: ENHANCING AESTHETIC UNDERSTANDING AND IDENTITY AFFILIATION BELIEF
Dr. Rajeev Indramani Jha & Dr. Kalpana R. Kharade
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.7769815
Abstract
Certificate
Adherents of the arts claim that an aesthetic component in the curriculum is quite capable of
enriching aims, making them better understood, and increasing the potentiality of deliberately choosing
them. Indeed, they regard no class of subjects as exclusively aesthetic. However, Science pedagogy has
been influenced by the philosophical paradigm called the cognitive-rational perspective. This standpoint is
also reflected in the aims and objectives recommended by the various Indian education commissions,
committees and policies on science education for various stages from time to time. To overcome, this
lacuna in science education, and to achieve other promising aims that facilitates science identity affiliation
belief besides enhancing aesthetic understanding, an aesthetic approach to teach science has been
proposed. The researcher has conducted quasi-experimental study in Mumbai for teaching Science to Class
VII of Maharashtra State Board, wherein, deriving insights from Dewey‟s philosophy, a pedagogy based on
aesthetic approach has been developed. The study involved three instructional cycles and pre-testing and
post-testing the experimental and control group students on aesthetic understanding and Science identity
affiliation belief. The inferential statistics have shown the treatment to be effective. The results of the study
are significant for ushering in reforms in science education.
Original Research Articles
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Oct. 24, 2016
206 Downloads
IMPACT OF HOME ENVIRONMENT ON THE ADJUSTMENT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Dr. Franky Rani & Mrs. Ravinder Kaur
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.7769820
Abstract
Certificate
The study focused on home environment and its impact on the adjustment of secondary school
students. Present study was conducted on 200 rural and urban students of class 10th of four schools of Tarn
Taran city. Data was analysed by using 't-test' and 2 way ANOVA. Results showed that urban secondary
school students have better home environment and they have better adjustment as compared to their
counterparts. Moreover, findings of the research reveals that boys and girls of urban areas have the same
home environment and therefore both of them have same adjustment patterns but girls of rural areas got
better home environment so they are better adjusted as compared to the boys of rural areas. Further 2-way
ANOVA results also shows that there is significant interactional effect of home environment and locality on
adjustments of secondary school students but this interaction of home environment and gender on
adjustment of secondary school students is not significant.
Original Research Articles
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Oct. 30, 2016
170 Downloads
IYATTA 8 VITIL VIDYARTHYACHYA JIVANSHASRATIL SANKALPATMAK PARIVARTANASATHI BODHATMAK SANGHARSHA TANTRACH UPYOG: EK PRAYOG
Sonali Patil & Dr. Kalpana Kharade
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.7769820
Abstract
Certificate
Sadar sanshodhan bodhatmak sangharsha pratimanachya sahayyane iyatta 8vitil vidyarthyachya sankalpanatmak parivartanavaril parinam abhyasala aahe.
Original Research Articles
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June 30, 2016
163 Downloads
TUSHAR BHAGYAVANT YANCHE VASTAV JIVAN
Prof. Dr. Sunil Bhise & Barister Balasaheb Khardekar
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.7769826
Abstract
Certificate
Bharat deshatun parakiya sattene kadhata pay ghetala. Swatantra deshache samajik, Rajkiya, Aarthik, Sanskrutik vicharache manthan suru jale.
Original Research Articles
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June 30, 2016
145 Downloads
METHOD OF TEACHING, LOCALITY AND INTELLIGENCE AS DETERMINANTS OF ACHIEVEMENT IN SOCIAL SCIENCE AMONG SEVENTH GRADERS
Madhu Gupta & Kuldeep Singh
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.7769840
Abstract
Certificate
The present study investigated the main and interaction effect of method of teaching, locality and
intelligence on achievement in Social Science among seventh graders. Achievement in Social Science was
treated as dependent variable whereas method of teaching (smart classroom teaching and conventional
teaching); locality (rural and urban); and of intelligence (high and low level of intelligence) were treated
as independent variables. Descriptive survey method was employed for the present study. A sample of 430
students of class VII (216 students from the schools having smart classrooms and 214 students from the
schools without smart classrooms) was taken by using multi-stage stratified random sampling technique.
General Intelligence Test (GIT) by Mohsin (1990) was used to determine the intelligence of seventh
graders. An Achievement Test in Social Science for seventh graders developed by the investigators was also
used to assess their achievement. The obtained data was analyzed by using Balanced Three Way ANOVA
with 2×2×2 factorial design. Hartley‟s Test of Homogeneity of Variance was also applied to test the
assumption of homogeneity of variance for ANOVA. The findings of the study revealed that i) Main effect of
method of teaching, locality and intelligence on achievement in Social Science among seventh graders was
found significant. ii) A significant interaction effects of method of teaching and locality was reported on
achievement in Social Science among seventh graders. Further, no significant interaction effect of method
of teaching and intelligence; and locality and intelligence was found on achievement in Social Science
among seventh graders. iii) The findings of the study further revealed that triple interaction effect of method
of teaching, locality and intelligence was found significant on achievement in Social Science among seventh
graders
Original Research Articles
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June 29, 2016
164 Downloads
A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF FOERIGN DIRECT INVESTMEN IN INDIAN RETAIL SECTOR
Dr. Bikramjit Kaur
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.7769843
Abstract
Certificate
Foreign direct investment (FDI) is defined as foreign investors stirring their assets into another
country where they have control over the management of assets and profits. FDI has the potential to
generate employment, raise productivity, enhancing competitiveness of the domestic economy through
transfer skills and technology, strengthening infrastructure, enhance exports and contribute to the longterm
economic development of the world‟s developing countries. The spectacular and unprecedented
growth of FDI in the global economic landscape over the last two decades has made it an integral part of
the development strategy of both the developed and developing nations. Rise in purchasing power, growing
consumerism and brand proliferation has led to retail modernization in India. The growing Indian market
has attracted a number of foreign retailers and domestic corporate to invest in this sector. FDI in the retail
can expand markets by reducing transaction and transformation costs of business through adoption of
advanced supply chain and benefit consumers and suppliers (farmers). Despite these encouraging signs,
India‟s retail markets remain largely off-limits to large international retailers like Carrefour. Resistance to
liberalizing FDI in this sector raises concerns about employment losses, unfair competition resulting in
large-scale exit of incumbent domestic and the death knell on the small traders who will be in no position to
compete with the big players. Thus it will kill the small entrepreneur initiative; as these traders do not have
the capital and expertise to compete with big retail chains. In this paper an attempt is made to study the
growth of retailing industry in India. The study encompasses growth of retail sector, strength and
opportunities of retail stores, retail format on India, recent trends and opportunities and challenges.
Original Research Articles
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June 30, 2016
174 Downloads
MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN INDIA:PRESENT OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES: A SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PUNJAB
Mr. Yogesh Kumar
DOI : 10.5281/ERJ.7769845
Abstract
Certificate
The Micro Small and Medium enterprises (MSMEs)have beenplaying significant role in
Indian economy for a very long period. MSMEs, by their very nature, have been characterized by
choice of labour intensive techniques, therebygenerating huge employment – as per quick
estimates of 4th All India Census of MSMEs covering 26 million enterprises, 60 million persons
got gainful employment11. In India majority of the workforce are less skilled or unskilled, which
are not fit for the modern industry, but they get employment in small enterprises, because it require
simple training to operate machines and other activities. India has been a capital scarce country.
Capital-labour ratio in the MSMEs being much lower than the large scale industries, the MSMEs
are able to generate more employment with the limited resources in the economy.The MSMEs
contribute 8 percent of the country‘s GDP, 45 percent of the manufactured output and 40 percent
of exports12.